3D printed porous PEEK created via fused filament fabrication for osteoconductive orthopaedic surfaces.
3D printed porous PEEK created via fused filament fabrication for osteoconductive orthopaedic surfaces.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103850
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
H. Spece;T. Yu;Anthony Law;M. Marcolongo;Steven M. Kurtz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Spece;T. Yu;Anthony Law;M. Marcolongo;Steven M. Kurtz
由于其独特且有利的材料性能，聚醚醚酮（PEEK）是一种用于植入式设备的有吸引力的生物材料。尽管由于PEEK的生物惰性，存在关于PEEK用于骨科植入物的担忧，但多孔网络的创建显示出与周围组织相互作用的有希望的结果。在本研究中，我们通过临床可用的熔丝制造（FFF，3D打印）制造了多孔PEEK，并评估了孔结构形态、机械性能和生物反应。多孔结构的设计基于简单的直线图案以及三重周期最小表面（TPMS），特别是螺旋和菱形类型。使用μCT、静态压缩试验和光学轮廓测定法评价了材料特性，包括孔隙率、屈服强度和粗糙度。然后将多孔PEEK与3D打印的固体PEEK沿着接种MC 3 T3-E1前成骨细胞，以评价细胞增殖和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性。然后通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对样品成像以观察细胞形态。μCT成像显示多孔网络是开放且相互连接的，多孔尺寸与设计尺寸600 μm相似（p > 0.05）。弹性模量的平均压缩性能范围为210 - 268 MPa，屈服强度为6.6-17.1 MPa，TPMS结构的强度最大。SEM成像显示细胞附着并桥接多孔结构的微观拓扑特征，在多个时间点，多孔PEEK的细胞活性显著高于固体。
Due to its unique and advantageous material properties, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is an attractive biomaterial for implantable devices. Though concerns exist regarding PEEK for orthopaedic implants due to its bioinertness, the creation of porous networks has shown promising results for interaction with surrounding tissue. In this study, we created porous PEEK via clinically-available fused filament fabrication (FFF, 3D printing) and assessed the pore structure morphology, mechanical properties, and biologic response. The designs of the porous structures were based on a simple rectilinear pattern as well as triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS), specifically gyroid and diamond types. The material characteristics, including porosity, yield strength, and roughness, were evaluated using μCT, static compression testing, and optical profilometry. The porous PEEK, along with 3D printed solid PEEK, was then seeded with MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells for evaluation of cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The samples were then imaged via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to observe cell morphology. μCT imaging showed the porous networks to be open and interconnected, with porous sizes similar (p > 0.05) to the as-designed size of 600 μm. Average compressive properties ranged from 210 to 268 MPa for elastic modulus and 6.6–17.1 MPa for yield strength, with strength being greatest for TPMS constructs. SEM imaging revealed cells attaching to and bridging micro-topological features of the porous constructs, and cell activity was significantly greater for the porous PEEK compared to solid at multiple time points.