The Emergence of the Deaf Community in Nicaragua
The Emergence of the Deaf Community in Nicaragua
复制标题
尼加拉瓜聋人社区的出现
DOI：
10.5860/choice.43-4739
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
0.4
通讯作者：
L. Polich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Polich
尼加拉瓜手语（NSL）的突然发现吸引了全世界的学者，他们希望见证一种新语言的演变。但是，关于非母语语言作为幼儿自发创造的一种真正的语言的有效性，引发了争议。劳拉·波利奇（Laura Polich）的这本引人入胜的书讲述了她对尼加拉瓜聋人社区长达九年的研究，以及她对聋人社区的形成和非母语语言的发现。波利奇在尼加拉瓜国家档案馆进行了大量的研究，对20所特殊教育学校的失聪学生进行了实地观察，对失聪儿童的老师进行了调查，了解他们的教育和对失聪的了解，对225名失聪人士的背景和生活条件进行了调查，并采访了尼加拉瓜全国聋人协会最年长的成员，这些都是她撰写的《尼加拉瓜失聪社区的出现》一书的基础。Polich发现，在尼加拉瓜，一种“标准化”的手语的使用直到有一个用户社区定期会面才开始出现，尤其是在儿童时期之后。NSL的采用并不是突然发生的，而是经过多年的发展，并受到多种因素的影响。她还发现了失聪青少年获得社会代理的过程，这使他们获得了更大的尼加拉瓜听力社会的认可。她的书展示了过去60年的巨大变化，以及一位尼加拉瓜聋哑人的宣言中的真相：“用手语你可以学到很多东西。”
The sudden discovery of Nicaraguan Sign Language (NSL) enthralled scholars worldwide who hoped to witness the evolution of a new language. But controversy erupted regarding the validity of NSL as a genuinely spontaneous language created by young children. Laura Polich's fascinating book recounts her nine-year study of the Deaf community in Nicaragua and her findings about its formation and that of NSL in its wake. Polich crafted "The Emergence of the Deaf Community in Nicaragua" from her copious research in Nicaragua's National Archives, field observations of deaf pupils in 20 special education schools, polls of the teachers for deaf children about their education and knowledge of deafness, a survey of 225 deaf individuals about their backgrounds and living conditions, and interviews with the oldest members of the National Nicaraguan Association of the Deaf. Polich found that the use of a "standardized" sign language in Nicaragua did not emerge until there was a community of users meeting on a regular basis, especially beyond childhood. The adoption of NSL did not happen suddenly, but took many years and was fed by multiple influences. She also discovered the process that deaf adolescents used to attain their social agency, which gained them recognition by the larger Nicaraguan hearing society. Her book illustrates tremendous changes during the past 60 years, and the truth in one deaf Nicaraguan's declaration, "With sign language you can learn so much."