Mechanisms maintaining genomic integrity in embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells.
Mechanisms maintaining genomic integrity in embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells.
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DOI：
10.1258/ebm.2011.011107
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Tichy ED
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tichy ED
胚胎干细胞（Embryonic stem cells，ESCs）是在胚胎发育的胚泡阶段分离的多能、自我更新的细胞。无论这些细胞是来自人类、小鼠还是其他生物体，所有的ESC都必须采用一种机制来防止由于DNA损伤而产生的突变传播到由正常程序分化产生的体细胞。因此，预防ESC中的突变不仅对于源自这些细胞的个体生物体的健康是重要的，而且此外，通过防止种系中突变的积累，对于物种的持续生存和遗传活力也是重要的。诱导性多能干细胞（IPSC）是重编程的体细胞，其与ESC具有若干特征，包括在培养中的相似形态、多能性标记物的再表达以及分化成限定的细胞谱系的能力。本文综述了小鼠胚胎干细胞（mESCs），人类胚胎干细胞（hESCs），并在数据可用的情况下，IPSCs保存遗传完整性的机制。
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are pluripotent, self-renewing cells that are isolated during the blastocyst stage of embryonic development. Whether these cells are derived from humans, mice, or other organisms, all ESCs must employ mechanisms that prevent the propagation of mutations, generated as a consequence of DNA damage, to somatic cells produced by normal programmed differentiation. Thus, the prevention of mutations in ESCs is important not only for the health of the individual organism derived from these cells, but in addition, for the continued survival and genetic viability of the species by preventing the accumulation of mutations in the germline. Induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs) are reprogrammed somatic cells that share several characteristics with ESCs, including a similar morphology in culture, the re-expression of pluripotency markers, and the ability to differentiate into defined cell lineages. This review focuses on the mechanisms employed by murine ESCs (mESCs), human ESCs (hESCs), and, where data are available, IPSCs to preserve genetic integrity.
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