Multiproxy study of anthropogenic and climatic changes in the last two millennia from a small mire in central Poland
Multiproxy study of anthropogenic and climatic changes in the last two millennia from a small mire in central Poland
复制标题
从波兰中部的一个小泥沼对过去两千年来的人为和气候变化进行多代理研究
作者：
M. Lamentowicz;Z. Balwierz;J. Forysiak;M. Płóciennik;P. Kittel;M. Kloss;Juliusz Twardy;S. Żurek;Jacek Pawlyta
Żabieniec壶洞是波兰中部第一个用四种生物替代品(植物大型化石、花粉、遗体阿米巴和摇蚊)定量分析的泥炭地，以重建过去的环境变化。古生态数据得到了历史和考古记录的支持。我们的重点是与气候效应有关的自生植被变化和人类影响。我们研究的目的是(A)描述过去2000多年来泥炭沼泽的发展历史，(B)更新和重建人类活动造成的土地利用变化，以及(C)讨论泥炭档案中可能存在的气候信号。代理人的组合揭示了自罗马时期以来泥炭地发生的戏剧性变化。直到公元600年，Żabieniec一直是一个非常潮湿的远程栖息地。然后，地下水位下降，这个地方变成了以泥炭沼泽为主的沼泽。这种干性转变主要发生在中世纪早期。人类的影响正在逐渐增加，自公元1250年(中世纪晚期开始)以来的森林砍伐特别强调了这一点。因此，地表径流和裸露土壤的风沙运移导致了沼泽的富营养化。此外，摇蚊和遗体变形虫揭示了大约公元1350年的湿位移的开始。在中世纪晚期和现代时期，开放程度大大增加。过去1000年的最高地下水位是在公元1500年至1800年之间记录的。这一潮湿事件与森林砍伐有关，但也可能与小冰期有关。我们的研究显示了Żabieniec泥炭地的植物演替，这可以用最近的景观变化来解释。然而，这种变化也可能与过去两千年的主要气候事件有关，如中世纪暖期和小冰期。
The Żabieniec kettle hole is the first peatland in central Poland analyzed quantitatively with four biotic proxies (plant macrofossils, pollen, testate amoebae and chironomids) to reconstruct the past environmental change. Palaeoecological data were supported by historical and archaeological records. We focused on autogenic vegetation change and human impact in relation to climatic effects. The aims of our study were (a) to describe the development history of the mire during the last 2,000 years, (b) to date and reconstruct the anthropogenic land-use changes and (c) to discuss a possible climatic signal in the peat archive. The combination of proxies revealed dramatic shifts that took place in the peatland since the Roman Period. Żabieniec was a very wet telmatic habitat until ca. AD 600. Then, the water table declined, and the site transformed into a Sphagnum-dominated mire. This dry shift took place mainly during the Early Medieval Period. Human impact was gradually increasing, and it was particularly emphasized by deforestation since AD 1250 (beginning of the Late Medieval Period). Consequently, surface run-off and aeolian transport from the exposed soils caused the eutrophication of the mire. Furthermore, chironomids and testate amoebae reveal the beginning of a wet shift ca. AD 1350. Openness considerably increased in the Late Medieval and the Modern Periods. The highest water table during the last 1,000 years was recorded between AD 1500 and 1800. This wet event is connected with deforestation, but it could be also associated with the Little Ice Age. Our study shows plant succession in the Żabieniec peatland, which can be explained with the recent landscape transformation. However, such changes are also possibly linked with the major climatic episodes during the last two millennia, such as the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
D. Charman;A. Blundell
通讯作者：
D. Charman;A. Blundell