Interoceptive impairments do not lie at the heart of autism or alexithymia.
Interoceptive impairments do not lie at the heart of autism or alexithymia.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/abn0000370
复制
发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Gaigg SB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nicholson TM;Williams DM;Grainger C;Christensen JF;Calvo-Merino B;Gaigg SB
由于内感受在社会情感过程的个体发生中起着至关重要的作用，他认为内感受的异常——代表一个人内在生理状态的过程——可能是自闭症的核心。这一提议招致了述情障碍假说支持者的批评，他们认为社会情感和潜在的内感受障碍不是自闭症本身的特征，而是述情障碍（一种以难以描述和识别自己的情绪为特征的疾病）的特征，这通常与自闭症同时发生。尽管这场争论对于我们理解自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）以及内感受性障碍在精神病理学中的作用具有重要意义，但更普遍的是，直接的经验证据很少且不一致。实验1在137个神经典型（NT）个体的样本中检验了自闭症特征、述情障碍和内感受准确性（IA）在标准心跳追踪测量中的关联。在实验2中，对46例ASD成人（其中27例有临床显著述情障碍）和48例NT成人进行IA评估。实验1证实了自闭症特征与述情障碍之间的强烈联系，但没有证据表明两者都与内感受困难有关。同样，实验2没有提供证据表明自闭症成人存在内感受性障碍，无论是否同时发生述情障碍。贝叶斯分析始终支持零假设。这些观察结果对内感受性障碍构成ASD或述情障碍核心特征的观念提出了重大挑战，至少就内感受性信号的直接感知而言。这篇文章表明，内感受功能的缺陷——表现一个人内在生理状态的过程——并不是自闭症或述情障碍的核心。
argued that abnormalities in interoception—the process of representing one’s internal physiological states—could lie at the heart of autism, because of the critical role interoception plays in the ontogeny of social-affective processes. This proposal drew criticism from proponents of the alexithymia hypothesis, who argue that social-affective and underlying interoceptive impairments are not a feature of autism per se, but of alexithymia (a condition characterized by difficulties describing and identifying one’s own emotions), which commonly co-occurs with autism. Despite the importance of this debate for our understanding of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and of the role of interoceptive impairments in psychopathology, more generally, direct empirical evidence is scarce and inconsistent. Experiment 1 examined in a sample of 137 neurotypical (NT) individuals the association among autistic traits, alexithymia, and interoceptive accuracy (IA) on a standard heartbeat-tracking measure of IA. In Experiment 2, IA was assessed in 46 adults with ASD (27 of whom had clinically significant alexithymia) and 48 NT adults. Experiment 1 confirmed strong associations between autistic traits and alexithymia, but yielded no evidence to suggest that either was associated with interoceptive difficulties. Similarly, Experiment 2 provided no evidence for interoceptive impairments in autistic adults, irrespective of any co-occurring alexithymia. Bayesian analyses consistently supported the null hypothesis. The observations pose a significant challenge to notions that interoceptive impairments constitute a core feature of either ASD or alexithymia, at least as far as the direct perception of interoceptive signals is concerned. This article suggests that impairments in interoception—the process of representing one’s internal physiological states—do not lie at the heart of either autism or alexithymia.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
BAGBY, RM;PARKER, JDA;TAYLOR, GJ
通讯作者：
TAYLOR, GJ
影响因子：
6.8
作者：
Bird G;Cook R
通讯作者：
Cook R
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Betka, Sophie;Pfeifer, Gaby;Critchley, Hugo
通讯作者：
Critchley, Hugo
影响因子：
7.8
作者：
Berthoz, S;Hill, EL
通讯作者：
Hill, EL
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Christensen, Julia F.;Gaigg, Sebastian B.;Calvo-Merino, Beatriz
通讯作者：
Calvo-Merino, Beatriz