Community Group Model Building as a Method for Engaging Participants and Mobilising Action in Public Health
Community Group Model Building as a Method for Engaging Participants and Mobilising Action in Public Health
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph17103457
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发表时间：
2020-05-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Swinburn, Boyd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gerritsen, Sarah;Harre, Sophia;Swinburn, Boyd
团体模型构建(GMB)是一种定性方法，旨在让利益相关者集体考虑复杂问题的原因。解决社区营养不平等是这样一个复杂的问题，因为其原因是由个人因素、社会结构、当地环境和全球粮食系统之间的各种相互作用驱动的。这篇方法论文描述了一个GMB过程，该过程利用三个系统映射工具，对一个多元文化、低收入社区的成员进行了一项研究，以探索儿童水果和蔬菜摄入量的下降。这些工具是：(1)时间曲线图，捕捉社区对问题的理解；(2)认知图谱，使参与者能够系统地思考问题的原因和后果；(3)因果循环图，描述加强问题并确定潜在行动的反馈循环。认知图谱是一种通常与GMB联系在一起的工具，它被添加到研究过程中，以支持参与者思维的逐步发展，并发展从系统角度解决问题所需的技能。我们评估这三种工具的好处和影响，特别是在吸引参与者和增加对系统思维的理解方面，以便制定和动员行动。这些工具可用于其他基于社区的研究项目。关键的教训是与当地组织建立真正的伙伴关系以延长项目的时间，在项目进程的早期从社区招募关键决策者，并留出时间创造可持续的变化。
Group model building (GMB) is a qualitative method aimed at engaging stakeholders to collectively consider the causes of complex problems. Tackling inequities in community nutrition is one such complex problem, as the causes are driven by a variety of interactions between individual factors, social structures, local environments and the global food system. This methods paper describes a GMB process that utilises three system mapping tools in a study with members of a multicultural, low-income community to explore declining fruit and vegetable intake in children. The tools were: (1) graphs over time, which captures the community's understanding of an issue; (2) cognitive mapping, which enables participants to think systemically about the causes and consequences of the issue; (3) causal loop diagrams, which describe feedback loops that reinforce the issue and identify potential actions. Cognitive mapping, a tool not usually associated with GMB, was added to the research process to support the gradual development of participants' thinking and develops the skills needed to tackle an issue from a systems perspective. We evaluate the benefits and impact of these three tools, particularly in engaging participants and increasing understanding of systems thinking in order to develop and mobilise action. The tools could be adapted for use in other community-based research projects. Key learnings were the value of genuine partnership with a local organisation for longevity of the project, recruitment of key decisionmakers from the community early in the process, and allowing time to create sustainable change.