Use of Rat Mature Adipocyte-Derived Dedifferentiated Fat Cells as a Cell Source for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration.
Use of Rat Mature Adipocyte-Derived Dedifferentiated Fat Cells as a Cell Source for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2016.00050
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Honda M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Akita D;Kano K;Saito-Tamura Y;Mashimo T;Sato-Shionome M;Tsurumachi N;Yamanaka K;Kaneko T;Toriumi T;Arai Y;Tsukimura N;Matsumoto T;Ishigami T;Isokawa K;Honda M
无脂成纤维细胞样细胞，被称为去分化脂肪（DFAT）细胞，可以由成熟的脂肪细胞产生，具有一个大的单脂滴。在适当的培养条件下，DFAT细胞可以重建其活跃的增殖能力，并可转分化为各种细胞类型。本研究的第一个目的是比较DFAT细胞与脂肪源性干细胞（ASCs）在间充质干细胞上的多系分化潜力。我们从近交系大鼠获得DFAT细胞和ASCs，发现大鼠DFAT细胞比大鼠ASCs具有更高的成骨分化潜能。另一方面，与ASCs相比，DFAT细胞表现出相似的成脂分化和成软骨分化潜力。本研究的第二个目的是评估DFAT细胞与由PLGA （Poly d， l-乳酸-羟基乙酸）组成的新型固体支架联合在牙周组织上的再生潜能，并与ASCs联合PLGA支架的再生潜能进行比较。将培养的DFAT细胞和ASCs分别植入PLGA支架（DFAT/PLGA和ASCs/PLGA），移植到大鼠下颌骨牙周开窗缺损中。显微计算机断层扫描分析显示，在移植后2、3和5周，DFAT/PLGA组的骨再生量明显高于ASCs/PLGA组和单独PLGA组。同样，组织形态学分析显示，DFAT/PLGA组牙骨质、牙周韧带和牙槽骨宽度明显大于ASCs/PLGA组和单独PLGA组。此外，在新形成的骨和牙骨质旁边的牙周韧带中观察到移植的荧光标记DFAT细胞。这些发现表明DFAT细胞比ASCs具有更大的促进牙周组织再生的潜力。因此，DFAT细胞是牙周组织再生的理想细胞来源。
Lipid-free fibroblast-like cells, known as dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells, can be generated from mature adipocytes with a large single lipid droplet. DFAT cells can re-establish their active proliferation ability and can transdifferentiate into various cell types under appropriate culture conditions. The first objective of this study was to compare the multilineage differentiation potential of DFAT cells with that of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on mesenchymal stem cells. We obtained DFAT cells and ASCs from inbred rats and found that rat DFAT cells possess higher osteogenic differentiation potential than rat ASCs. On the other hand, DFAT cells show similar adipogenic differentiation, and chondrogenic differentiation potential in comparison with ASCs. The second objective of this study was to assess the regenerative potential of DFAT cells combined with novel solid scaffolds composed of PLGA (Poly d, l-lactic-co-glycolic acid) on periodontal tissue, and to compare this with the regenerative potential of ASCs combined with PLGA scaffolds. Cultured DFAT cells and ASCs were seeded onto PLGA scaffolds (DFAT/PLGA and ASCs/PLGA) and transplanted into periodontal fenestration defects in rat mandible. Micro computed tomography analysis revealed a significantly higher amount of bone regeneration in the DFAT/PLGA group compared with that of ASCs/PLGA and PLGA-alone groups at 2, 3, and 5 weeks after transplantation. Similarly, histomorphometric analysis showed that DFAT/PLGA groups had significantly greater width of cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone than ASCs/PLGA and PLGA-alone groups. In addition, transplanted fluorescent-labeled DFAT cells were observed in the periodontal ligament beside the newly formed bone and cementum. These findings suggest that DFAT cells have a greater potential for enhancing periodontal tissue regeneration than ASCs. Therefore, DFAT cells are a promising cell source for periodontium regeneration.