Stop evaluating science: A historical-sociological argument
Stop evaluating science: A historical-sociological argument
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停止评估科学：历史社会学论证
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
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通讯作者：
Olof Hallonsten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Olof Hallonsten
虽然科学在现代社会和技术发展中取得了巨大的成功，是当今社会与以前相比富裕和幸福的主要原因，但其在社会中的现状是根本不信任。根据流行的话语，科学生产力不足，需要更严格的治理和官僚管理，以量化指标为手段的绩效评估是提高效率的关键工具。这一概念的基础似乎是相信科学的关键或唯一目的是推动经济增长，或可持续发展与经济增长相结合。在这篇文章中，这些信念进行了分析和解构的帮助下，从经典的科学社会学和最近的概念化的经济化，民主化，科学知识和科学制度的商品化的理论工具箱，连接这些信念更广泛的主题市场原教旨主义和当前社会的度量固定。借助历史社会学分析，本文表明，目前普遍存在的绩效评估在科学的大部分是毫无意义的，适得其反的，这种状态的科学政策是迫切需要重新评估，以确保科学的持续生产力和贡献的社会和技术创新。
Although science has been a formidably successful force of social and technological development in the modern era, and a main reason for the wealth and well-being of current societies compared to previous times, a fundamental distrust characterizes its current status in society. According to prevalent discourse, science is insufficiently productive and in need of stricter governance and bureaucratic management, with performance evaluation by the means of quantitative metrics as a key tool to increase efficiency. The basis of this notion appears to be a belief that the key or only purpose of science is to drive economic growth, or sustainable development in combination with economic growth. In this article, these beliefs are analyzed and deconstructed with the help of a theoretical toolbox from the classic sociology of science and recent conceptualizations of economization, democratization, and commodification of scientific knowledge and the institution of science, connecting these beliefs to broader themes of market fundamentalism and to the metric fixation of current society. With the help of a historical-sociological analysis, this article shows that the current ubiquity of performance evaluation in science for the most part is pointless and counterproductive, and that this state of science policy is in dire need of reevaluation in order to secure science’s continued productivity and contribution to social and technological innovation.