The presence of nuclear families in prehistoric collective burials revisited: the bronze age burial of Montanissell Cave (Spain) in the light of aDNA.
The presence of nuclear families in prehistoric collective burials revisited: the bronze age burial of Montanissell Cave (Spain) in the light of aDNA.
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重新审视史前集体墓葬中核心家庭的存在：根据 aDNA 观察蒙塔尼塞尔洞穴（西班牙）的青铜时代墓葬。
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
A. Malgosa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Simón;X. Jordana;N. Armentano;Cristina Santos;Nancy Díaz;E. Solórzano;Joan B. López;Mercedes González;A. Malgosa
古代人口通常被认为生活在小群体中，极端的内婚制是常态。为了促进这一辩论，遗传分析已进行了集体埋葬与八个主要的埋葬在加泰罗尼亚前比利牛斯山脉的Montanissell洞穴。放射性碳年代测定明确地将埋葬在青铜时代，大约3200 BP。这群人的组成--两个成年人（一男一女），一个年轻女子，和五个孩子--似乎代表了一个典型的核心家庭的结构。遗传学证据证明这种假设是错误的。事实上，八个线粒体单倍型中至少有五个是不同的，否认了所有人共同母系祖先的可能性。然而，50%的土葬共享单倍群J，因此不能排除母系关系的可能性。实际上，结合使用古代和生活人群进行的不同分析，在Montanissell Cave中有四个相关J个体的概率范围为0.9884至0.9999。由于这种独特的集体埋葬的特殊性（少量的尸体被完全放置在一个隐藏的洞穴中，非同时埋葬的证据，接近的日期和不寻常的墓葬物品），我们认为它可能代表了一个小群体，具有父系交配系统。
Ancient populations have commonly been thought to have lived in small groups where extreme endogamy was the norm. To contribute to this debate, a genetic analysis has been carried out on a collective burial with eight primary inhumations from Montanissell Cave in the Catalan pre-Pyrenees. Radiocarbon dating clearly placed the burial in the Bronze Age, around 3200 BP. The composition of the group-two adults (one male, one female), one young woman, and five children from both sexes-seemed to represent the structure of a typical nuclear family. The genetic evidence proves this assumption to be wrong. In fact, at least five out of the eight mitochondrial haplotypes were different, denying the possibility of a common maternal ancestor for all of them. Nevertheless, 50% of the inhumations shared haplogroup J, so the possibility of a maternal relationship cannot be ruled out. Actually, combining different analyses performed using ancient and living populations, the probability of having four related J individuals in Montanissell Cave would range from 0.9884 to 0.9999. Owing to the particularities of this singular collective burial (small number of bodies placed altogether in a hidden cave, the evidence of non-simultaneous interments, close dating and unusual grave goods), we suggest that it might represent a small group with a patrilocal mating system.