Race-ethnic and gender differences in nonstandard work shifts
Race-ethnic and gender differences in nonstandard work shifts
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DOI：
10.1177/0730888403256055
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Presser, HB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Presser, HB
这篇文章，根据1997年5月的当前人口调查，提出了一个详细的分析，在何种程度上就业的美国男性和女性的各种种族，民族群体的工作非标准的工作时间，即，晚上，夜间和旋转或高度可变的工作班次，他们这样做的原因报告。种族-族裔群体之间职业结构的差异在很大程度上解释了他们在非标准轮班流行率方面的差异。然而，即使在职业标准化，男性和女性非西班牙裔黑人有更高的水平工作非标准的变化比他们的西班牙裔或白色同行。此外，这类工作的报酬相对较低，而且工作时间不符合标准的人中有很大一部分人提出了限制工作的理由，这支持了这样一种论点，即迟到和轮换工作时间是劳动力劣势的一个重要方面，特别是在男性中。此外，文献表明，在这样的时间工作会带来更大的健康风险和社会成本。周末就业的种族差异很小。根据就业增长预测，据推测，在未来十年，非标准的工作时间表将不成比例地涉及更多的妇女，非西班牙裔黑人和西班牙裔。
This article, based on the May 1997 Current Population Survey, presents a detailed analysis of the extent to which employed American men and women of various race-ethnic groups work nonstandard work hours-namely, evenings, nights, and rotating or highly variable work shifts and the reasons they report for doing so. Differences in occupational structure among race-ethnic groups largely explain their differences in the prevalence of nonstandard work shifts. Yet even when standardizing for occupation, both male and female non-Hispanic Blacks have higher levels working nonstandard shifts than their Hispanic or White counterparts. Moreover the relatively low pay of such jobs and the large proportions of those working nonstandard hours who give job-constraining reasons for doing so support the contention that late and rotating work schedules are an important dimension of labor force disadvantage, especially among men. Furthermore, the literature indicates greater health risks and social costs for working such hours. Differences in weekend employment by race-ethnicity are small. Based on job growth projections, it is speculated that over the next decade, nonstandard work schedules will disproportionately involve more women, non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics.