Trade Liberalization, Technology Diffusion, and Productivity
Trade Liberalization, Technology Diffusion, and Productivity
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发表时间：
2018-08
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通讯作者：
Keiichi Kishi;K. Okada
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作者：
Keiichi Kishi;K. Okada
本研究发展了异质性企业技术扩散的国际贸易理论。每一个新进入者随机搜索并会见现任者，然后采用他们现有的技术。与以往基于企业异质性的国际贸易模型一样，贸易自由化导致生产率最低的企业退出，然后资源可以重新分配给生产率更高的企业。然而，我们发现，这种资源重新分配的影响是由低生产率的企业进入减轻。贸易自由化促进了现有低生产率技术向新进入者的传播，从而将生产率分布的权重从上尾区域转移到生产率最低的区域。因此，一些资源可以重新分配给低生产率的企业。此外，贸易自由化减少了国内生产的品种。因此，我们展示了贸易自由化和总生产率之间的非单调关系。
This study develops the international trade theory of technology diffusion with heterogeneous firms. Each new entrant randomly searches for and meets incumbents and then adopts their existing technology. As in previous international trade models based on firm heterogeneity, trade liberalization induces the least productive firms to exit, and then the resources can be reallocated toward more productive firms. However, we show that this resource reallocation effect is mitigated by the entry of low-productive firms. Trade liberalization facilitates the diffusion of existing low-productive technologies to new entrants, which shifts the weight in the productivity distribution from the upper tail area to the area around the least productivity. Thus, some resources can be reallocated toward low-productive firms. In addition, trade liberalization reduces domestically produced varieties. Consequently, we show the non-monotonic relationship between trade liberalization and aggregate productivity.