Reduced acetylcholinesterase activity in the fusiform gyrus in adults with autism spectrum disorders.
Reduced acetylcholinesterase activity in the fusiform gyrus in adults with autism spectrum disorders.
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DOI：
10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.4
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Katsuaki Suzuki;G. Sugihara;Y. Ouchi;Kazuhiko Nakamura;M. Tsujii;M. Futatsubashi;Y. Iwata;K. Tsuchiya;Kaori Matsumoto;K. Takebayashi;Tomoyasu Wakuda;Y. Yoshihara;Shiro Suda;M. Kikuchi;N. Takei;Toshiro Sugiyama;T. Irie;N. Mori
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文献类型：
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作者：
Katsuaki Suzuki;G. Sugihara;Y. Ouchi;Kazuhiko Nakamura;M. Tsujii;M. Futatsubashi;Y. Iwata;K. Tsuchiya;Kaori Matsumoto;K. Takebayashi;Tomoyasu Wakuda;Y. Yoshihara;Shiro Suda;M. Kikuchi;N. Takei;Toshiro Sugiyama;T. Irie;N. Mori
神经心理学和功能性磁共振成像研究都表明，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者在面部感知方面存在缺陷。梭状回一直被认为是人脸感知的关键结构。已知胆碱能系统调节视觉通路的功能，包括梭状回。目的：确定作为胆碱能系统标志的中枢乙酰胆碱酯酶活性是否在ASD中发生改变，以及乙酰胆碱酯酶活性的改变（如果有的话）是否与他们的社会功能相关。设计利用正电子发射断层扫描和放射性示踪剂N-[(11)C]甲基-4-哌啶乙酸酯（[(11)C]MP4A），通过基于参比组织的线性最小二乘分析估计脑皮质区域乙酰胆碱酯酶活性，并用速率常数k(3)表示。采用《自闭症诊断观察表》和《自闭症诊断访谈-修订版》对成年ASD患者的当前和儿童自闭症症状进行评估。基于体素的分析以及基于兴趣区域的方法用于受试者之间的分析和受试者内部与临床变量相关的分析。参与者从社区中招募。参与者：20名成年ASD患者（14名男性，6名女性，年龄18-33岁，平均[SD]智商91.6[4.3]）和20名年龄、性别和智商匹配的健康对照。结果基于兴趣的体素和区域分析显示，ASD受试者双侧梭状回MP4A k(3)值明显低于对照组（P < 0.05，校正后）。在自闭症诊断观察表和自闭症诊断访谈-修订版中，ASD被试的梭状回k(3)值与其社交障碍呈负相关。结论：成人ASD患者梭状回胆碱能神经支配的缺陷可能不仅与当前的社会功能障碍有关，而且与儿童时期的社会功能障碍有关。
CONTEXT Both neuropsychological and functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown deficiencies in face perception in subjects with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The fusiform gyrus has been regarded as the key structure in face perception. The cholinergic system is known to regulate the function of the visual pathway, including the fusiform gyrus. OBJECTIVES To determine whether central acetylcholinesterase activity, a marker for the cholinergic system, is altered in ASD and whether the alteration in acetylcholinesterase activity, if any, is correlated with their social functioning. DESIGN Using positron emission tomography and a radiotracer, N-[(11)C]methyl-4-piperidyl acetate ([(11)C]MP4A), regional cerebrocortical acetylcholinesterase activities were estimated by reference tissue-based linear least-squares analysis and expressed in terms of the rate constant k(3). Current and childhood autism symptoms in the adult subjects with ASD were assessed by the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised, respectively. Voxel-based analyses as well as region of interest-based methods were used for between-subject analysis and within-subject correlation analysis with respect to clinical variables. SETTING Participants recruited from the community. PARTICIPANTS Twenty adult subjects with ASD (14 male and 6 female; age range, 18-33 years; mean [SD] intelligence quotient, 91.6 [4.3]) and 20 age-, sex-, and intelligence quotient-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Both voxel- and region of interest-based analyses revealed significantly lower [(11)C]MP4A k(3) values in the bilateral fusiform gyri of subjects with ASD than in those of controls (P < .05, corrected). The fusiform k(3) values in subjects with ASD were negatively correlated with their social disabilities as assessed by Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule as well as Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that a deficit in cholinergic innervations of the fusiform gyrus, which can be observed in adults with ASD, may be related to not only current but also childhood impairment of social functioning.