A Juridicized Language for the Salvation of Souls: Jesuit Ethics
A Juridicized Language for the Salvation of Souls: Jesuit Ethics
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拯救灵魂的司法语言：耶稣会伦理
DOI：
10.1163/9789004394414_010
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Christoph Haar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christoph Haar
在耶稣会的创始宗旨中增加了教育使命，这对耶稣会士的伦理思想地位产生了巨大的影响，因为它补充并在许多方面迅速掩盖了他们的牧灵和传教目标。耶稣会伦理的发展与他们的教牧和学术思想密切相关。1本章的目的是提供一种感觉，是什么促使一些主要的耶稣会名人在16世纪末和17世纪初写这个话题。正如耶稣会的基本章程无数次提到的那样，耶稣会士的思想和行动应该以maorem Dei gloriam（为了上帝更大的荣耀）来执行。对耶稣会伦理在现代性前夕的描述必须相应地说明，神学学科中不断增长的分支是如何围绕着这一首要议程，以他们的司法化语言和对救赎目标的强调来表达的。在本章中，我们将首先关注经院神学的角色，以及1599年定稿的耶稣会研究顺序（Ratio studiorum）中良心的案例。在特伦特会议（1545 - 1563）的决定之后，耶稣会对他们的神学教育和牧灵关怀系统进行了一系列的改进。耶稣会的比率反映了教育和培养好的忏悔者的动力。这反过来又代表了耶稣会伦理思想扩张背后的主要推动力，这将通过叙述经院神学和道德神学之间的流动关系来追踪。显而易见的是，对耶稣会伦理的内容作出精确的定义仍然是一项难以捉摸的任务。这一讨论之后是对道德手册的分析，该手册是由一位神学家胡安·亚佐尔（1535-1603）撰写的，他在起草比例方面发挥了重要作用。亚梭尔的《道德制度》旨在揭露人类行为中的善与恶的良心，这是一个有影响力的著作
The addition of an educational vocation to the Society of Jesus’s founding purposes exercised an enormous impact on the status of the Jesuits’ ethical thought, as it supplemented and in many ways quickly overshadowed their pastoral and missionary aims. Jesuit ethics developed in close connection to their pastoral and academic thought. 1 This chapter aims to offer a sense of what motivated some of the major Jesuit luminaries to write about this topic in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. As the foundational Constitutiones Societatis Iesu mentioned countless times, the Jesuits’ thought and action should be performed ad maiorem Dei gloriam (for the greater glory of God). 2 An account of Jesuit ethics on the eve of modernity must accordingly illustrate how the growing sub-divisions in theological disciplines revolved around this overarching agenda, expressed in their juridicized language and emphasis on the aim of salvation.In this chapter, attention will first be drawn to the roles of Scholastic theology and cases of conscience in the Jesuit order of studies, the Ratio studiorum, finalized in 1599. Following the decisions of the Council of Trent (1545–63), the Jesuits made a series of improvements to their system of theological education and pastoral care. The Jesuit Ratioreflected the drive to educate and bring forth good confessors. This in turn represented a major thrust behind the expansion of Jesuit ethical thought, which will be traced by narrating the fluid relationship between Scholastic and moral theology. As will become clear, arriving at a precise definition of the content of Jesuit ethics remains an elusive task. This discussion is followed by an analysis of the moral manual composed by one of the theologians who was instrumental in drafting the Ratio, Juan Azor (1535–1603). Azor’s Institutiones morales, which was designed to expose the good and bad conscience revealed in human actions, served as an influential