The structural stability of the endothelial glycocalyx after enzymatic removal of glycosaminoglycans.
The structural stability of the endothelial glycocalyx after enzymatic removal of glycosaminoglycans.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0043168
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Tarbell JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zeng Y;Ebong EE;Fu BM;Tarbell JM
人们普遍认为，糖胺聚糖（GAG）和结合的血浆蛋白在内皮细胞表面上形成互连的凝胶样结构（内皮糖萼层-EGL），其通过其组分的相互作用而稳定。然而，糖胺聚糖和蛋白质的结构组织以及单个组分对EGL稳定性的贡献在很大程度上是未知的。评价当单个GAG组分几乎完全被特定酶去除时，相互连接的凝胶样糖萼会塌陷的假设。使用共聚焦显微镜，我们观察到硫酸乙酰肝素（HS），硫酸软骨素（CS），透明质酸（HA），和吸附的白蛋白的覆盖范围和厚度是相似的，并且个别GAG的厚度是空间不均匀的。单个GAG被特定的酶以剂量依赖性方式降解，并且覆盖度比厚度减少得多。去除HS或HA不会导致任何剩余组件的裂解或塌陷。软骨素酶同时去除CS和HA不影响HS，但确实减少了吸附的白蛋白，尽管效果不大。所有GAG和吸附的蛋白质在EGL的结构内充分混合，但GAG组分彼此不相互作用。GAG组分确实为白蛋白提供结合位点。我们的研究结果提供了一个新的观点的组织的内皮糖萼层，并提供了第一次演示的个别GAG组件之间的相互作用。
It is widely believed that glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and bound plasma proteins form an interconnected gel-like structure on the surface of endothelial cells (the endothelial glycocalyx layer–EGL) that is stabilized by the interaction of its components. However, the structural organization of GAGs and proteins and the contribution of individual components to the stability of the EGL are largely unknown. To evaluate the hypothesis that the interconnected gel-like glycocalyx would collapse when individual GAG components were almost completely removed by a specific enzyme. Using confocal microscopy, we observed that the coverage and thickness of heparan sulfate (HS), chondroitin sulfate (CS), hyaluronic acid (HA), and adsorbed albumin were similar, and that the thicknesses of individual GAGs were spatially nonuniform. The individual GAGs were degraded by specific enzymes in a dose-dependent manner, and decreased much more in coverage than in thickness. Removal of HS or HA did not result in cleavage or collapse of any of the remaining components. Simultaneous removal of CS and HA by chondroitinase did not affect HS, but did reduce adsorbed albumin, although the effect was not large. All GAGs and adsorbed proteins are well inter-mixed within the structure of the EGL, but the GAG components do not interact with one another. The GAG components do provide binding sites for albumin. Our results provide a new view of the organization of the endothelial glycocalyx layer and provide the first demonstration of the interaction between individual GAG components.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
DESJARDINS, C;DULING, BR
通讯作者：
DULING, BR
DOI：
10.1007/bf01003135
发表时间：
1978-01-01
期刊：
HISTOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
影响因子：
--
作者：
DERBY, MA;PINTAR, JE
通讯作者：
PINTAR, JE
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Koshiishi, I;Takenouchi, M;Imanari, T
通讯作者：
Imanari, T
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Gao L;Lipowsky HH
通讯作者：
Lipowsky HH
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Dancu, Michael B.;Tarbell, John M.
通讯作者：
Tarbell, John M.