Molecular analysis of Spiophanes bombyx complex (Annelida: Spionidae) with description of a new species
Molecular analysis of Spiophanes bombyx complex (Annelida: Spionidae) with description of a new species
复制标题
Spiophanes 家蚕复合体（环节动物：Spiionidae）的分子分析以及新物种的描述
作者：
V. Radashevsky;V. Pankova;V. V. Malyar;T. Neretina;Jin;S. Yum;C. Houbin
Spiophanes bombyx（Claparède，1870）产于意大利第勒尼安海那不勒斯湾，是第一个在口前体上有额侧角的Spiophanes。它也被认为是欧洲沃茨中唯一有角的物种。我们的五个基因片段的序列数据表明，在北方欧洲存在两个有角的兄弟姐妹Spiophanes物种：S。参见北部和挪威海的bombyx和S.参见在法国北方的布列塔尼和西班牙北方的比斯开湾发现了一种凸形珊瑚。Spiophanes cf.家蚕在遗传学上接近于一个单一的S。来自意大利威尼斯泻湖的家蚕，但它们的同源性有待进一步研究。我们的序列数据显示，来自北太平洋的有角水螅与有角的欧洲物种在遗传上相距甚远，而S。uschakowi Zachs，1933，最初描述于日本海（东海）是有效种。这些数据还表明，在东北太平洋存在两种有角的兄弟姐妹Spiophanes物种：S。hakaiensis Radashevsky & Pankova，n. sp.分布于阿拉斯加南部至Conception点附近; norrisi Meißner & Blank，2009，分布于从San弗朗西斯科湾南部到墨西哥南下加利福尼亚。南美的水绵，形态上与S. norrisi属一新种。分子数据还表明，在来自北方欧洲的蠕虫中存在两个兄弟物种，通过形态学鉴定为S。克罗伊里·格鲁贝1860年。在巴伦支海和北海北方发现的蠕虫暂定名为S.参见来自北海北方和中部以及西班牙北方比斯开湾的蠕虫暂称为S.参见卷须M.非典型肺炎1872年的非典序列数据还表明S.来自加州的双螺旋体在遗传上不同于来自南美洲的形态相似的蠕虫。南美蠕虫被称为复活的S。soederstroemi Hartman，1953，最初描述于巴西南里奥格兰德外海，后来被认为是S.复式。对Spiophanes谱系的分歧时间的分析表明，有角Spiophanes的最近共同祖先的起源约为11.1百万年（95%HPD：5.1 - 19.0百万年），北大西洋和北太平洋谱系的分歧约为7.9百万年（95%HPD：4.1 - 13.3百万年）。据估计，北大西洋谱系已经分化了4.8百万年（95% HPD：2.2 - 8.6百万年），导致了S的起源。参见bombyx和S.参见凸的北太平洋谱系的分化首先是由于S. norrisi 1.7百万年（95%HPD：2.3 - 1.0百万年），然后通过S. uschakowi和S.哈凯氏菌sp.1.3百万年（95%HPD：2.0 - 0.7百万年）。估计的分歧后不久，在北太平洋最大冰期（2.4 - 3.0百万年）。
Spiophanes bombyx (Claparède, 1870) from the Gulf of Naples, Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy, was the first described Spiophanes with fronto-lateral horns on the prostomium. It was also considered the only horned species occurring in European waters. Our sequence data of five gene fragments suggest the presence of two horned sibling Spiophanes species in northern Europe: S. cf. bombyx in the North and the Norwegian seas, and S. cf. convexus in Brittany, northern France, and Bay of Biscay, northern Spain. Spiophanes cf. bombyx worms are genetically close to a single examined specimen of S. bombyx from Venice Lagoon, Italy but their conspecificity should be verified by further study. Our sequence data show that horned Spiophanes from the North Pacific are genetically distant from horned European species, and that S. uschakowi Zachs, 1933, originally described from the Sea of Japan (East Sea) is a valid species. The data also suggest the presence of two horned sibling Spiophanes species in the North East Pacific: S. hakaiensis Radashevsky & Pankova, n. sp. distributed from Alaska south to about Point Conception, and S. norrisi Meißner & Blank, 2009, distributed from San Francisco Bay south to Baja California Sur, Mexico. Spiophanes from South America, morphologically similar to S. norrisi, are suggested to belong to a new species. Molecular data also suggest the presence of two sibling species among the worms from northern Europe identified by morphology as S. kroyeri Grube, 1860. Worms from the Barents Sea and northern part of the North Sea are tentatively referred to as S. cf. kroyeri; worms from the northern and central parts of the North Sea and from the Bay of Biscay, northern Spain, are tentatively referred to as S. cf. cirrata M. Sars in G.O. Sars, 1872. Sequence data also show that S. duplex from California is genetically different from morphologically similar worms from South America. The South American worms are referred to resurrected S. soederstroemi Hartman, 1953 which was originally described from off Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and then considered as a junior synonym of S. duplex. Analysis of divergence times of Spiophanes lineages suggested that the origin of the most recent common ancestor of horned Spiophanes with metameric nuchal organs was around 11.1 mya (95% HPD: 5.1–19.0 mya) and that the divergence of the North Atlantic and North Pacific lineages was around 7.9 mya (95% HPD: 4.1–13.3 mya). The North Atlantic lineage was estimated to have diverged 4.8 mya (95% HPD: 2.2–8.6 mya), resulting in the origin of S. cf. bombyx and S. cf. convexus. The North Pacific lineage was estimated to have diverged first by the isolation and speciation of S. norrisi 1.7 mya (95% HPD: 2.3–1.0 mya), and then by the isolation and speciation of S. uschakowi and S. hakaiensis n. sp. 1.3 mya (95% HPD: 2.0–0.7 mya). The estimates place the divergences soon after maximum glacial period in the North Pacific (2.4–3.0 mya).
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Baele, Guy;Lemey, Philippe;Alekseyenko, Alexander V.
通讯作者：
Alekseyenko, Alexander V.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Baele, Guy;Li, Wai Lok Sibon;Lemey, Philippe
通讯作者：
Lemey, Philippe