Re-visiting the detection of porcine cysticercosis based on full carcass dissections of naturally Taenia solium infected pigs
Re-visiting the detection of porcine cysticercosis based on full carcass dissections of naturally Taenia solium infected pigs
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-017-2520-y
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发表时间：
2017-11-16
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Gabriel, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chembensofu, Mwelwa;Mwape, K. E.;Gabriel, S.
背景：猪带绦虫是一种被忽视的人畜共患寄生虫。现有的猪囊虫病诊断工具的性能需要进一步评估，它们的缺点需要替代品。本研究的目的是评价舌诊和循环抗原检测在屠宰年龄自然感染猪中检测猪囊虫病的性能，并与完整尸体解剖（被认为是金标准）进行比较。此外，还研究了替代性死后解剖程序。在赞比亚东部省随机选择屠宰年龄的农村猪68头，进行了解剖。对完整尸体（或如果上半部分已检测到囊尾丝虫，则对半具尸体）进行解剖，包括所有器官。记录囊尾蚴总数、位置和分期，并对收集的囊尾蚴进行形态学和分子鉴定。结果：所有患者血清中T_（158）/B_（60）抗原检测阳性率均较高，其中T_（158）/B_（60）抗原检测阳性率最高。感染猪（56%）和T. 26%的受感染动物的肝脏中存在猪囊尾蚴。超过一半的受感染尸体含有可存活的囊尾蚴。7具尸体有T.包虫病（10%），其中5头猪同时感染了囊虫。Hydatigena和T.有2头（3%）尸体仅携带T.囊尾蚴与完整尸体解剖相比，Ag-ELISA检测感染尸体的特异性估计为67%，灵敏度为68%，分别增加到90%和100%，用于检测具有一个或多个活囊尾蚴的尸体和超过10个活囊。舌诊仅检出10%，半尸解剖检出84%。可以考虑选择性解剖隔膜、舌头和心脏或咬肌，估计灵敏度为71%，在具有10个以上囊尾蚴的尸体中增加到86%。可以考虑使用Hydatigena。完整的尸体解剖应包括肝、肾、脾和肺的解剖，结果应仔细解释，因为小的囊尾蚴很容易被忽视。
Background: Taenia solium is a neglected zoonotic parasite. The performances of existing tools for the diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis need further assessment, and their shortcomings call for alternatives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of tongue palpation and circulating antigen detection for the detection of porcine cysticercosis in naturally infected pigs of slaughter age compared to full carcass dissections (considered the gold standard). Additionally, alternative postmortem dissection procedures were investigated. A total of 68 rural pigs of slaughter age randomly selected in the Eastern Province of Zambia were dissected. Dissections were conducted on full carcasses (or half carcass in case cysticerci were already detected in the first half), including all the organs. Total cysticercus counts, location and stages were recorded and collected cysticerci were identified morphologically and molecularly. All sera were analysed with the B158/B60 antigen detecting ELISA (Ag-ELISA).Results: Key findings were the high occurrence of T. solium infected pigs (56%) and the presence of T. solium cysticerci in the livers of 26% of infected animals. More than half of the infected carcasses contained viable cysticerci. Seven carcasses had T. hydatigena cysticerci (10%), out of which five carcasses were co-infected with T. hydatigena and T. solium; two carcasses (3%) had only T. hydatigena cysticerci. Compared to full carcass dissection, the specificity of the Ag-ELISA to detect infected carcasses was estimated at 67%, the sensitivity at 68%, increasing to 90% and 100% for the detection of carcasses with one or more viable cysticerci, and more than 10 viable cysts, respectively. Tongue palpation only detected 10% of the cases, half carcass dissection 84%. Selective dissection of the diaphragm, tongue and heart or masseters can be considered, with an estimated sensitivity of 71%, increasing to 86% in carcasses with more than 10 cysticerci.Conclusions: Depending on the aim of the diagnosis, a combination of Ag-ELISA and selective dissection, including investigating the presence of T. hydatigena, can be considered. Full carcass dissection should include the dissection of the liver, kidneys, spleen and lungs, and results should be interpreted carefully, as small cysticerci can easily be overlooked.