CO2 cycloaddition reactions catalyzed by an ionic liquid grafted onto a highly cross-linked polymer matrix
CO2 cycloaddition reactions catalyzed by an ionic liquid grafted onto a highly cross-linked polymer matrix
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接枝到高度交联聚合物基质上的离子液体催化的 CO2 环加成反应
DOI：
10.1002/anie.200701467
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Ding, Kunlun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xie, Ye;Zhang, Zhaofu;Ding, Kunlun
近年来，室温离子液体由于其独特的性质如不挥发、不燃烧和可循环利用而引起了人们的广泛关注。[1]此外，离子液体可以通过设计不同的阳离子和阴离子来官能化。目前已经合成了一些功能化的离子液体，并报道了它们在不同领域的应用。[2]具体地，离子液体已经显示出作为各种反应的催化剂的巨大潜力。[3]均相和非均相催化剂各有优缺点。例如，均相催化体系通常表现出更高的活性，而非均相催化剂更容易与产物分离。联合收割机是近年来人们研究的热点，而将催化剂固定在合适的载体上是实现这一目标的有效途径。高分子材料由于其独特的优点而成为催化剂的理想载体。[4]近年来，研究了离子液体在聚合物上的固定化。例如，Carlin和Fuller制备了用于非均相氢化的催化膜，其由离子液体和聚（偏二氟乙烯）-六氟丙烯共聚物组成，并在活性炭上掺入Pd。[5]Vankelecom及其同事[6]通过将过渡金属和离子液体浸渍到聚（二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵）中制备了表现出优异活性的氢化催化剂。Chi和Kim通过共价键将咪唑盐负载在聚苯乙烯树脂上。聚合物负载离子液体是一些取代反应的高效催化剂。特别地，PS [hmim][BF 4]（hmim= 1-正己基-3-甲基咪唑鎓阳离子）显示出比游离IL高得多的催化活性。[7]Kou及其同事报道了离子共聚物稳定的离子液体中的铑纳米颗粒显示出优异的寿命和离子液体中芳烃氢化的活性。[八]《中国日报》
In recent years, room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted much attention owing to their unique properties such as non-volatility, non-flammability, and recyclability.[1] Moreover, ILs can be functionalized by designing different cations and anions. Some functional ILs have been synthesized, and their applications in different fields have been reported.[2] Specifically, ILs have shown great potential as catalysts for various reactions.[3] It is known that both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts have their advantages and shortcomings. For example, homogeneous catalytic systems usually show higher activity, while heterogeneous catalysts are more easily separated from products. To combine the advantages of heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts has been a topic of interest for years, and immobilization of catalysts on suitable supports is an effective way to do so. Polymeric materials are very attractive supports of catalysts as a result of some unusual advantages.[4] In recent years, immobilization of ILs onto polymers has been studied. For example, Carlin and Fuller prepared a catalytic membrane for heterogeneous hydrogenation which was composed of ILs and poly (vinylidene fluoride)-hexafluoropropylene copolymers with the incorporation of Pd on activated carbon.[5] Vankelecom and co-workers [6] fabricated hydrogenation catalysts that showed excellent activity by impregnation of transition metals and ILs into poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride). Chi and Kim supported imidazolium salts on polystyrene (PS) resin through covalent bonding. The polymer-supported ILs were highly efficient catalysts for some substitution reactions. In particular, PS [hmim][BF4](hmim= 1-n-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium cation) showed much higher catalytic activity than the free IL.[7] Kou and co-workers reported that rhodium nanoparticles in ILs stabilized by ionic copolymers displayed excellent lifetimes and activity for arene hydrogenation in ILs.[8]