Inhibin and activin in reproductive biology.
Inhibin and activin in reproductive biology.
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生殖生物学中的抑制素和激活素。
DOI：
10.1097/00006254-199203000-00014
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发表时间：
1992
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Jaffe,RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dye,RB;Rabinovici,J;Jaffe,RB
近年来，排卵周期的调节不能仅仅通过两种垂体促性腺激素，卵泡刺激素（FSH）和黄体生成素（LH）的介导来完成。在过去的十年里，涉及神经内分泌控制排卵周期事件的其他调节机制的发现为控制这种复杂的生物学现象提供了新的见解（127）。其中最有趣的是这些discov-eries的行动bisabin和aCtivin。Se肽在性腺和其他组织中局部产生并发挥作用（以及以经典的内分泌方式），因此将它们置于自分泌和/或旁分泌性腺内调节因子家族中（自分泌因子在相同细胞内产生并发挥作用，而旁分泌因子作用于邻近或靠近产生细胞的细胞）。对这些分子的分离和纯化，随后很快对其基因和蛋白质结构进行了表征，结果表明，拟南芥素和激活素是由密切相关但明显不同的独立产生的蛋白质亚基组成的二聚体分子（图1），其高度保守的一级结构强调了在哺乳动物进化过程中发展起来的通常密切的种间功能关系。多年来，人们一直假定存在一种物质起着类胡萝卜素的作用。在20世纪20年代早期，大鼠睾丸的辐射导致观察到曲细精管的损伤导致垂体中肥大的“去势细胞”的出现，从而导致睾丸产生的物质影响这些垂体细胞的假设。1932年，McCullagh（73）指出，
It has become apparent in recent years that regulation of the ovulatory cycle cannot be accomplished solely through the mediation of the two pituitary gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Within the last decade, discoveries of additional regulatory mechanisms in-volved in the neuroendOCrine Control Of the events of the ovulatory cycle have provided new insight into the control of this complex biological phenomenon (127). Among the most interesting of these discov-eries are the actions Of inhibin and aCtivin. TheSe peptides are produced and function locally within the gonads and other tissues (as well as in a classical endocrine fashion), thus placing them within a family of autocrine and/or paracrine intragonadal regulatory factors (autocrine factors are produced and exert their action within the same cells, whereas paracrine factors act on cells adjacent to or near the producing cells). Isolation and purification of these molecules, which was followed soon afterward by characterization of their gene and protein structures, showed inhibin and activin to be dimeric molecules composed of closely related but distinctly different and independently produced protein subunits (Fig. 1) whose highly conserved primary structures underscore the often close interspecies functional relationships that have developed during mammalian evolution. The existence of a substance fulfilling the role of inhibin has been postulated for many years. In the early 1920s, irradiation of rat testes led to the observation that damage to the seminiferous tubule resulted in the appearance of hypertrophic “castration cells" in the pituitary, leading to the hypothesis that a substance produced by the testis influenced these pituitary cells. In 1932, McCullagh (73) noted