Heterosis in numbers of differentiated, degenerated, and surviving spikelets and their relations to the dry matter production in F1 hybrids of rice
Heterosis in numbers of differentiated, degenerated, and surviving spikelets and their relations to the dry matter production in F1 hybrids of rice
复制标题
水稻F1杂交种分化、退化和存活小穗数量的杂种优势及其与干物质生产的关系
DOI：
10.1080/00380768.2000.10409160
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jianzhong Cai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Youli Yao;Yoshinori Yamamoto;Yulong Wang;Tetsushi Yoshida;A. Miyazaki;Y. Nitta;Jianzhong Cai
摘要在溶液培养条件下，观察了两个重要的中国F1组合汕优63(SY63)和雅优2号(YY2)及其亲本在分化、退化和存活小穗数上的杂种优势。结果表明，分化小穗数、退化小穗数和存活小穗数对杂交组合的中亲优势均有很高的预测价值。存活小穗数的增加主要取决于分化小穗数的增加。小穗退化百分率对SY63的MP和高亲本优势(增加)呈正值，而对YY2的MP和高亲(HP)优势(降低)呈负值。从形态上看，杂种小穗存活数组分增加，尤其是二次枝条存活数增加。抽穗期干物质生产对MP和HP的杂种优势具有较高的价值。但干物质重与分化小穗数的比值未表现出MP杂种优势。在相同的干物质重与分化小穗数的比例下，杂交种的小穗退化百分率较低。杂交种对氮素的吸收表现出MP和HP的优势，但氮素生产成活小穗数的效率与MP和HP的杂种优势呈负相关。在成活小穗数与叶面积的库源比上，MP和HP的优势因组合而有较大差异。这些结果表明，杂交稻F1中仍有许多性状有待进一步改良。
Abstract Heterosis in the number of differentiated, degenerated, and surviving spikelets in two important Chinese F1 hybrids Shanyou 63 (SY63) and Yayou 2 (YY2) and their parents was observed under solution culture conditions. The results indicated that the number of differentiated, degenerated, and surviving spikelets all showed a very high value for mid-parental (MP) heterosis in the hybrids at both panicle and plant levels. The increase in the number of surviving spikelets primarily depended on that of the number of differentiated spikelets. The percentage of degenerated spikelets showed a positive value for MP and higher-parental (HP) heterosis (increase) in SY63, while it showed a negative value for MP and HP heterosis (decrease) in YY2. Morphologically, the components of the number of surviving spikelets increased in the hybrids, especially the number of surviving secondary rachis branches. Dry matter production at heading showed a high value for MP and HP heterosis. However, the ratio of dry matter weight to the number of differentiated spikelets did not show a MP heterosis. The hybrids showed a lower percentage of degenerated spikelets for the same ratio of dry matter weight to the number of differentiated spikelets. The N uptake in the hybrids showed a MP and HP heterosis, but the efficiency of the N in producing the number of surviving spikelets showed a negative value for MP and HP heterosis. The MP and HP heterosis in the sink-source ratio of the number of surviving spikelets to the leaf area varied considerably with the combinations. These findings suggested that still many characters could be further improved in F1 hybrid rice.