DOT1L and H3K79 Methylation in Transcription and Genomic Stability.

DOT1L and H3K79 Methylation in Transcription and Genomic Stability.
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DOI:
10.3390/biom8010011
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发表时间:
2018-02-27
期刊:
影响因子:
5.5
通讯作者:
Murphy S
Murphy S
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wood K;Tellier M;Murphy S

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真核生物基因组在染色质中的组织为细胞完成基本的细胞功能提供了挑战,例如转录,DNA复制和DNA损伤的修复。因此,一系列蛋白质修饰和/或读取染色质状态以调节对染色体DNA的接近。酵母Dot 1和哺乳动物同源物DOT 1 L是甲基转移酶,可以将多达三个甲基添加到组蛋白H3赖氨酸79(H3 K79)。H3 K79甲基化涉及几个过程,包括RNA聚合酶II的转录延伸,DNA损伤反应和细胞周期检查点激活。DOT 1 L也是治疗混合谱系白血病(MLL)重排白血病的重要药物靶标,其中异常转录激活由DOT 1 L错误定位促进。本文综述了Dot 1/DOT 1 L和H3 K79甲基化在转录和基因组稳定性中的作用。
The organization of eukaryotic genomes into chromatin provides challenges for the cell to accomplish basic cellular functions, such as transcription, DNA replication and repair of DNA damage. Accordingly, a range of proteins modify and/or read chromatin states to regulate access to chromosomal DNA. Yeast Dot1 and the mammalian homologue DOT1L are methyltransferases that can add up to three methyl groups to histone H3 lysine 79 (H3K79). H3K79 methylation is implicated in several processes, including transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II, the DNA damage response and cell cycle checkpoint activation. DOT1L is also an important drug target for treatment of mixed lineage leukemia (MLL)-rearranged leukemia where aberrant transcriptional activation is promoted by DOT1L mislocalisation. This review summarizes what is currently known about the role of Dot1/DOT1L and H3K79 methylation in transcription and genomic stability.
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