Prenatal stress and cognitive development and temperament in infants
Prenatal stress and cognitive development and temperament in infants
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DOI：
10.1016/s0197-4580(03)00050-2
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发表时间：
2003-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Visser, GHA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buitelaar, JK;Huizink, AC;Visser, GHA
对啮齿动物和非人类灵长类动物的研究表明，怀孕期间的母亲压力会影响发育中的胎儿，导致运动和认知发育延迟，对压力环境的适应能力受损。这些作用可能由下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴介导。我们在一项前瞻性设计中研究了怀孕期间的压力是否能预测人类婴儿的发育结果。自我报告的数据，日常的麻烦和妊娠特定的焦虑和唾液皮质醇水平收集未经产妇。相关指标为3个月和8个月时的贝利婴儿发育量表和气质问卷的评分。妊娠中期的妊娠特异性焦虑可预测8个月时较低的心理和运动发育评分。孕晚期清晨皮质醇值与3个月时的智力和运动发育呈负相关，与8个月时的运动发育呈负相关。怀孕特定的焦虑解释了7个月的测试情感和目标导向的方差。怀孕期间母亲压力的增加似乎是婴儿气质变化和发育延迟的决定因素之一，并可能是日后发展精神病理学的危险因素。(C)2003年爱思唯尔科学公司All rights reserved.
Studies in rodents and nonhuman primates indicate that maternal stress during pregnancy can influence the developing fetus, resulting in delay of motor and cognitive development and impaired adaptation to stressful situations. These effects may be mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. We examined whether stress during pregnancy predicted developmental outcome of human infants in a prospective design. Self-report data about daily hassles and pregnancy-specific anxiety and salivary cortisol levels were collected in nulliparous pregnant women. Dependent measures were scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development and on temperamental questionnaires at 3 and 8 months. Pregnancy-specific anxiety in mid pregnancy predicted lower mental and motor developmental scores at 8 months. Early morning values of cortisol in late pregnancy were negatively related to both mental and motor development at 3 months and motor development at 8 months. Pregnancy-specific anxiety explained 7% of the variance of test-affectivity and goal-directedness at 8 months. Increased maternal stress during pregnancy seems to be one of the determinants of temperamental variation and delay of development of infants and may be a risk factor for developing psychopathology later in life. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.