Validation of dietary intake of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites in two populations from Beijing and Shenyang, China based on the residuals in human milk.
Validation of dietary intake of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites in two populations from Beijing and Shenyang, China based on the residuals in human milk.
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DOI：
10.1021/es801219v
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发表时间：
2008-09
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
S. Tao;Yanxin Yu;Wenxin Liu;Xuejun Wang;Jun Cao;Bengang Li;Xiaoxia Lu;M. Wong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Tao;Yanxin Yu;Wenxin Liu;Xuejun Wang;Jun Cao;Bengang Li;Xiaoxia Lu;M. Wong
本文报告了北京和沈阳两个人群的膳食摄入量与母乳中二氯二苯基三氯乙烷及其代谢物(DDTS)浓度的关系的调查结果，中国。我们分析了76名妇女的母乳样本和287份涵盖主要食品类别的复合食品样本，以检测滴滴涕的浓度。我们还收集了关于食物消费的信息，并计算了参与者个人对滴滴涕的膳食摄入量。北京和沈阳地区母乳中滴滴涕的测定值中位数分别为125 ng/g脂肪和132 ng/g脂肪。两组人群DDTS平均日摄入量(+/-标准差)分别为32.0+/-14.2 ng/kg和27.9+/-11.3 ng/kg。滴滴涕减少和滴滴涕/滴滴涕比值增加的时间趋势表明，残留主要来自历史应用。我们发现母乳浓度与每日DDTS的饮食摄入量之间存在显著的相关性，而饮食摄入量可以解释母乳中DDTS含量变化的22%。除了饮食暴露，我们还发现，母亲的体重指数(体重除以身高的平方)、体重、身高和母亲的年龄对母乳中滴滴涕摄入量正常化后的变化有显著影响。概率风险评估的结果表明，婴儿通过母乳喂养接触滴滴涕将是未来几年的公共卫生问题，尽管仍建议母乳喂养。
This paper presents the results of an investigation on association between dietary intakes and human milk concentrations of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and metabolites (DDTs) of two populations from Beijing and Shenyang, China. We analyzed human milk samples from 76 women and 287 composite food samples covering major food categories for concentrations of DDTs. We also collected information on food consumptions and calculated dietary intakes of DDTs of the participants on individual basis. The median values of the measured DDTs in human milk were 125 ng/g lipid and 132 ng/g lipid for the samples from Beijing and Shenyang, respectively. The mean (+/-standard deviation) daily dietary intakes of DDTs by the two groups were 32.0 +/- 14.2 ng/kg day and 27.9 +/- 11.3 ng/kg day, respectively. The temporal trends of decreasing in DDTs and increasing in DDE/DDT ratio suggested that the residuals were primarily from historical application. We found a significant correlation between human milk concentration and daily dietary intake of DDTs, while the dietary intake could explain 22% of the variation in the DDTs in human milk. In addition to dietary exposure, we also found that maternal body mass index (body weight divided by the squared height), body weight, body height, and mother's age contributed significantly to the variation of DDTs in human milk after intake normalization. The result of a probabilistic risk assessment indicated that the exposure of infants to DDTs through breast feeding would be a public health concern for years to come, although breast feeding is still recommended.