Comparative Effectiveness of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Cataract Surgery.

Comparative Effectiveness of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Cataract Surgery.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ophtha.2015.08.039
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发表时间:
2016-02
期刊:
影响因子:
13.7
通讯作者:
Fong DS
Fong DS
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Herrinton LJ;Shorstein NH;Paschal JF;Liu L;Contreras R;Winthrop KL;Chang WJ;Melles RB;Fong DS

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前房注射是预防感染的有效方法,但美国尚未发表对照研究。我们进行了一项观察性纵向队列研究,以检查局部和注射抗生素对眼内炎风险的影响。 2005 年至 2012 年,我们在加利福尼亚州 Kaiser Permanente 的 204 515 名成员中确定了 315 246 例符合条件的白内障手术。该研究使用了电子健康记录中的会员、医疗、药房和手术记录的信息。使用逻辑回归分析估计抗生素预防(途径和药物)与眼内炎风险之间关系的调整比值比 (OR) 和 95% 置信区间 (CI)。我们确认了 215 例眼内炎病例(0.07% 或 0.7/1000)。后囊膜破裂与眼内炎风险增加 3.68 倍相关(CI,1.89-7.20)。前房内注射抗生素比单独使用外用药物更有效(OR,0.58;CI,0.38-0.91)。外用加替沙星或氧氟沙星与前房内药物联合使用并不比单独使用前房内药物更有效(与仅前房内药物相比:前房内加外用,OR,1.63;CI,0.48-5.47)。与外用加替沙星相比,外用氨基糖苷类预防无效(OR,1.97;CI,1.17-3.31)。手术并发症仍然是眼内炎的关键危险因素。前房内注射抗生素比单独使用外用抗生素更能有效预防白内障摘除后眼内炎。局部抗生素并未被证明可以增加前房内治疗方案的有效性。
Intracameral injection is an effective method for preventing infection, but no controlled study has been published in the United States. We conducted an observational, longitudinal cohort study to examine the effect of topical and injected antibiotics on risk of endophthalmitis. We identified 315 246 eligible cataract procedures in 204 515 members of Kaiser Permanente, California, 2005–2012. The study used information from the membership, medical, pharmacy, and surgical records from the electronic health record. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association of antibiotic prophylaxis (route and agent) with risk of endophthalmitis was estimated using logistic regression analysis. We confirmed 215 cases of endophthalmitis (0.07% or 0.7/1000). Posterior capsular rupture was associated with a 3.68-fold increased risk of endophthalmitis (CI, 1.89–7.20). Intracameral antibiotic was more effective than topical agent alone (OR, 0.58; CI, 0.38–0.91). Combining topical gatifloxacin or ofloxacin with intracameral agent was not more effective than using an intracameral agent alone (compared with intracameral only: intracameral plus topical, OR, 1.63; CI, 0.48–5.47). Compared with topical gatifloxacin, prophylaxis using topical aminoglycoside was ineffective (OR, 1.97; CI, 1.17–3.31). Surgical complication remains a key risk factor for endophthalmitis. Intracameral antibiotic was more effective for preventing post-cataract extraction endophthalmitis than topical antibiotic alone. Topical antibiotic was not shown to add to the effectiveness of an intracameral regimen.
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