Taking the Lead: Congressional Foreign Policy Entrepreneurs in U.S. Foreign Policy
Taking the Lead: Congressional Foreign Policy Entrepreneurs in U.S. Foreign Policy
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带头：美国外交政策中的国会外交政策企业家
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. M. Scott
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Carter;J. M. Scott
本文探讨了成为“外交政策企业家”的个别国会议员的特征。这些立法者不是简单地回应政府的外交政策要求，而是试图通过就他们关心的外交政策问题采取行动来领导国会，而不是等待政府采取行动。本研究从多个因素考察了外交政策企业家，包括他们所属的政党、他们服务的议院、他们采用的各种立法接入点以及他们使用的不同立法策略。还检查了这些模式随时间的变化。我们使用二战后时期 2,621 个创业行为实例的数据集来检验有关企业家特征和行为的假设。我们的结论是，国会外交政策企业家在外交政策过程中扮演着越来越重要的角色，并受到政策分歧和党派算计的驱动。
This article examines the characteristics of individual members of Congress who become “foreign policy entrepreneurs.” Rather than simply responding to an administration’s foreign policy requests, such legislators try to lead Congress by initiating action on the foreign policy issues they care about rather than awaiting administration action. This study examines foreign policy entrepreneurs across a number of factors, including the parties to which they belong, the chambers in which they serve, the various legislative access points they employ, and the different legislative tactics they use. Also examined are the changes in such patterns over time. We test hypotheses about the characteristics and behavior of entrepreneurs using a data set of 2,621 instances of entrepreneurial behavior across the postWorld War II period. We conclude that congressional foreign policy entrepreneurs are increasingly salient players in the foreign policy process and are driven by policy disagreements and partisan calculations.