Assessing auditory distance perception using perceptually directed action
Assessing auditory distance perception using perceptually directed action
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03211932
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发表时间：
1998-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Golledge, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Loomis, JM;Klatzky, RL;Golledge, RG
三个实验研究了大开放场中自然聆听条件下的听觉距离感知。目标的自心距离从 3 到 16 m 不等。通过在其他试验中在这些相同位置呈现视觉目标，我们能够比较类似情况下的视觉和听觉距离感知。在某些实验条件下，观察者口头报告目标距离。在其他情况下，观察者观看或聆听目标，然后在没有关于目标的进一步感知信息的情况下，尝试面对目标、直接走向目标，或沿着两段间接路径走向目标。主要结果如下。首先，言语和步行反应在很大程度上是一致的，步行反应表现出观察者之间的差异较小。其次，不同的运动反应提供了对感知目标位置的一致估计，因此也提供了对最初感知距离的一致估计。第三，在使用更精确的步行反应在距离上或多或少正确地感知视觉目标的情况下，听觉目标的感知通常具有相当大的系统误差。特别是，听觉目标的感知位置的距离变化仅为物理目标的一半左右；此外，除最近的目标外，存在低估目标距离的倾向。
Three experiments investigated auditory distance perception under natural listening conditions in a large open field. Targets varied in egocentric distance from 3 to 16 m. By presenting visual targets at these same locations on other trials, we were able to compare visual and auditory distance perception under similar circumstances. In some experimental conditions, observers made verbal reports of target distance. In others, observers viewed or listened to the target and then, without further perceptual information about the target, attempted to face the target, walk directly to it, or walk along a two-segment indirect path to it. The primary results were these. First, the verbal and walking responses were largely concordant, with the walking responses exhibiting less between-observer variability. Second, different motoric responses provided consistent estimates of the perceived target locations and, therefore, of the initially perceived distances. Third, under circumstances for which visual targets were perceived more or less correctly in distance using the more precise walking response, auditory targets were generally perceived with considerable systematic error. In particular, the perceived locations of the auditory targets varied only about half as much in distance as did the physical targets; in addition, there was a tendency to underestimate target distance, except for the closest targets.