The achievement of on-load refuelling at Heysham 2 and Torness AGRs
The achievement of on-load refuelling at Heysham 2 and Torness AGRs
复制标题
Heysham 2 和 Torness AGR 实现装载加油
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. MacPherson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. R. Sterland;D. MacPherson
Heysham 2和Torness是为中央发电局和苏格兰南部电力局建造的最后一座先进气冷反应堆。它们现在分别由核电公司（NE）和苏格兰核有限公司（SNL）运营。它们的设计是为了在高功率下进行装载加油，并以欣克利角B和亨特斯顿B的设计为基础，从这些站的经验中受益。本文审查了分析工作，进行了，以提供一个健全的，长期的，主要是概率安全的情况下，支持装载加油。一个重要的问题是，燃料路线所使用的以微处理机为基础的控制和保护系统的设计可靠性无法证明是合理的，因此必须对整个保护系统作一些改动，以弥补这一点。安全评估涵盖了燃料加注机压力边界、起重机和燃料组件部件、可能的故障和防止故障所需的保护措施、燃料和燃料加注机冷却要求、燃料下落的机械和放射性后果以及换料瞬态对反应堆和常规电厂的影响。由此产生的安全案例符合NE和SNL采用的严格安全标准，并得到英国安全机构核设施检查局（NII）的认可。
Heysham 2 and Torness are the last of the advanced gas cooled reactors constructed for the Central Electricity Generating Board and the South of Scotland Electricity Board. They are now operated by Nuclear Electric (NE) and Scottish Nuclear Limited (SNL), respectively. They were designed for on-load refuelling at high power and, being based on the design used for Hinkley Point B and Hunterston B, have benefited from experience at these stations. This paper examines the analysis work which was carried out in order to provide a sound, long-term, mainly probabilistic safety case which supports on-load refuelling. A significant problem has been that the design reliability of the microprocessor-based control and protection systems, used for the fuel route, could not be justified, and a number of changes to the overall protection system have had to be introduced to compensate for this. The safety assessment has covered the fuelling machine pressure boundary, the hoist and fuel assembly components, possible faults and the protection which is necessary to prevent them, the fuel and fuelling machine cooling requirements, the mechanical and radiological consequences of dropping fuel, and the effect of refuelling transients on the reactor and conventional plant. The resultant safety case complies with the stringent safety standards adopted by NE and SNL and accepted by the UK safety authority, the Nuclear Installations Inspectorate (NII).