Promoting habit formation
Promoting habit formation
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DOI：
10.1080/17437199.2011.603640
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Gardner, Benjamin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lally, Phillippa;Gardner, Benjamin
习惯是对环境线索的自动行为反应，被认为是通过在一致的情况下重复行为而发展的。当习惯很强时，故意的意图已被证明对行为的影响减少了。习惯概念可以提供建立新行为的机制，因此健康的习惯形成是许多干预措施的预期结果。但是，习惯也代表了改变根深蒂固的不健康行为的潜在挑战，这可能对动机转变具有抵抗力。这篇综述旨在根据理论和经验见解，为干预开发人员提供工具，以帮助建立目标行为为习惯。我们讨论了循证养成新的健康习惯和破坏现有不健康习惯的技术。为了促进习惯形成，我们专注于启动新行为的策略，支持与上下文相关的这种行为的重复，并促进自动化的发展。我们讨论了破坏现有不必要习惯的技术，这些技术与重组个人环境并实现对情境线索的替代反应有关。
Habits are automatic behavioural responses to environmental cues, thought to develop through repetition of behaviour in consistent contexts. When habit is strong, deliberate intentions have been shown to have a reduced influence on behaviour. The habit concept may provide a mechanism for establishing new behaviours, and so healthy habit formation is a desired outcome for many interventions. Habits also however represent a potential challenge for changing ingrained unhealthy behaviours, which may be resistant to motivational shifts. This review aims to provide intervention developers with tools to help establish target behaviours as habits, based on theoretical and empirical insights. We discuss evidence-based techniques for forming new healthy habits and breaking existing unhealthy habits. To promote habit formation we focus on strategies to initiate a new behaviour, support context-dependent repetition of this behaviour, and facilitate the development of automaticity. We discuss techniques for disrupting existing unwanted habits, which relate to restructuring the personal environment and enabling alternative responses to situational cues.