Isolation and identification of higher plant agents active in antimutagenic assay systems: Glycyrrhiza glabra.
Isolation and identification of higher plant agents active in antimutagenic assay systems: Glycyrrhiza glabra.
复制标题
抗诱变测定系统中活性的高等植物制剂的分离和鉴定：光果甘草。
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4684-5182-5_13
复制
发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shankel,DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mitscher,LA;Drake,S;Gollapudi,SR;Harris,JA;Shankel,DM
物种的繁殖和保持身份是生物学上的必要条件，因此，存在一种机制来最大限度地减少或修复环境中有毒化学物质对DNA的有害影响，这并不奇怪。动物倾向于通过使用酶来保护自己，酶可以拦截攻击性化学物质并将其转化为危险性较小的物质。动物细胞还含有各种预先形成的较小分子量的化学物质，这些化学物质可以与氧化物质和自由基反应，并将其转化为毒性较低的亲电体（1）。现在越来越清楚的是，高等植物也含有各种预先形成的次级代谢产物，这些次级代谢产物代表了一系列结构多样的抗突变和去突变化合物（6）。许多，但不是全部，似乎是酶抑制剂或抗氧化剂。由于许多植物成分具有致突变性（18），因此高等植物也应该含有能够抗突变的分子，以便在自身代谢的影响下生存，这似乎是合理的。对这类物质的研究有可能揭示有关诱变和抗诱变过程的许多有趣的分子细节。一个相当遥远的希望是，这些物质可能足够安全，可以为被认为处于危险中的个人提供保护。这似乎是一些作为我们饮食的一部分消耗的次要抗癌成分的情况（4，20）。
The reproduction and maintenance of identity of species are biological imperatives, and it is not surprising that there exist mechanisms to minimize or repair the deleterious influence of noxious chemicals in the environment on DNA. Animals tend to defend themselves through the use of enzymes which intercept aggressive chemicals and convert them to less dangerous substances. Animal cells also contain a variety of preformed smaller molecular weight chemicals which can react with oxidized species and free radicals and convert them to less virulent electrophiles (1). It is now becoming clear that higher plants also contain a variety of preformed secondary metabolites which represent a structurally diverse array of antimutagenic and desmutagenic compounds (6). Many, but not all, would appear to be enzyme inhibitors or antioxidants. Since a number of plant constitu-ents are mutagenic (18), it seems reasonable that higher plants should also contain molecules capable of antimutagenicity so as to survive the effects of their own metabolism. Study of such substances has the potential of revealing much interesting molecular detail about the processes of mutagenesis and antimutagenesis. A rather more distant hope is that such substances might be safe enough to provide protection for individuals perceived to be at risk. This would appear to be the case with a number of minor anticarcinogenic constituents consumed as part of our diet (4, 20).