Up-regulation of adipogenin, an adipocyte plasma transmembrane protein, during adipogenesis
Up-regulation of adipogenin, an adipocyte plasma transmembrane protein, during adipogenesis
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DOI：
10.1007/s11010-005-3673-0
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Sasaki, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hong, YH;Hishikawa, D;Sasaki, S
到目前为止，已经通过传统的基因克隆技术鉴定和表征了在脂肪组织中高度表达的各种蛋白质。然而，通过计算机分析的方法比较了不同组织间的表达水平，发现了不同组织间表达水平差异显著的基因。在这些基因中，我们通过Norvartis研究基金会基因组研究所（GNF）SymAtlas v0.8.0上的"Search Expression"报告了一个新的脂肪特异性基因的可能功能，该基因在脂肪组织中表达更高。该数据库生成并分析了正常组织、器官和细胞系的不同样本中每个基因的基因表达。这种新发现的基因产物被命名为adipogenin，因为它在刺激脂肪细胞分化和发育中的作用。Adipogenin mRNA在四种不同的脂肪库中高度表达，并且仅在从脂肪组织分离的脂肪细胞中表达。与对照组相比，高脂饮食组小鼠皮下和内脏脂肪组织中脂肪生成素mRNA水平上调。在3T3-L1细胞的脂肪细胞分化过程中，脂肪生成素mRNA的表达显著升高。Troglitazone，上调过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ 2（PPAR-gamma 2）的表达，增加adipogenin mRNA的表达，虽然这个基因下调视黄酸。对3T3-L1脂肪细胞瞬时表达的绿色荧光蛋白-脂肪生成素（pEGFP-adipogenin）的共聚焦图像分析表明，脂肪生成素严格定位于细胞膜，而不存在于胞浆中。此外，小干扰RNA（siRNA）介导了3 T3-L1细胞中脂肪原mRNA的减少，并阻止了脂肪细胞分化过程。这些结果表明，脂肪细胞特异性膜蛋白adipogenin作为脂肪组织发育的调节因子之一，可能参与脂肪形成。
Until now, the various proteins highly expressed in adipose tissues have been identified and characterized by traditional gene cloning techniques. However, methods of computer analysis have been developed to compare the levels of expression among various tissues, and genes whose expression levels differ significantly between tissues have been found. Among these genes, we report on the possible function of a new adipose-specific gene, showed higher expression in adipose tissue through 'Search Expression' on Genome Institute of Norvartis Research Foundation (GNF) SymAtlas v0.8.0. This database has generated and analyzed gene expression of each gene in diverse samples of normal tissues, organs, and cell lines. This newly discovered gene product was named adipogenin because of its role in stimulating adipocyte differentiation and development. Adipogenin mRNA was highly expressed in four different fat depots, and exclusively expressed in adipocytes isolated from adipose tissues. The level of adipogenin mRNA was up-regulated in the subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues of mice fed a high-fat diet compared to those on the control diet. The expression of adipogenin mRNA is dramatically elevated during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. Troglitazone, which up-regulated peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma 2 (PPAR-gamma 2) expression, increased adipogenin mRNA expression, although this gene was down-regulated by retinoic acid. Confocal image analyses of green-fluorescent protein-adipogenin (pEGFP-adipogenin) transiently expressed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed that adipogenin was strictly localized to membranes and was absent from the cytosol. Moreover, small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated a reduction of adipogenin mRNA in 3T3-L1 cells and blocked the process of adipocyte differentiation. These results indicate that adipogenin, an adipocyte-specific membrane protein, may be involved with adipogenesis, as one of the regulators of adipose tissue development.