Information giving in medical care.
Information giving in medical care.
复制标题
医疗保健信息提供。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
H. Waitzkin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
H. Waitzkin
提供信息是医疗保健的关键要素。本研究考虑了两个理论基础的假设：（1）医生可能会隐瞒信息，并保持不确定性，以保持在医患关系中的权力，（2）基于阶级的语言使用的社会语言学差异可能会造成进一步的障碍，以提供信息。一个多变量的研究模型，可操作的研究这些假设，并评估信息提供和医生，病人的特点，他们互动的临床情况之间的其他关联。一项对336例门诊患者的分析显示，医生几乎没有花时间告知患者，高估了他们花费的时间，低估了患者对信息的渴望。列联表分析显示，信息传递与（1）医生的收入，社会阶层背景，政治意识形态，和病人的信息需求的看法;（2）病人的年龄，性别，社会阶层，教育和预后;（3）情境特征，如相识的时间，每天看的病人数量，和病人的类型在医生的做法。多元回归分析评估这些变量在解释信息传递的变化的相对重要性。研究结果并没有明确证实信息保留，不确定性和权力之间的关系，但澄清了基于阶级的社会语言障碍的重要性。
Information giving is a crucial element of medical care. This research project considered two theoretically grounded hypotheses: (1) Doctors may withhold information and maintain uncertainty to preserve power in the doctor-patient relationship, and (2) class-based sociolinguistic differences in language use may create further impediments to information giving. A multivariate research model was operationalized to study these hypotheses and to assess other associations between information giving and the characteristics of doctors, patients, and the clinical situations in which they interact. An analysis of a sample of 336 encounters recorded from several outpatient settings revealed that doctors spent little time informing their patients, overestimated the time they did spend, and underestimated patients' desire for information. Contingency-table analysis showed that information transmittal was associated with (1) doctors' income, social class background, political ideology, and perceptions of patients' informative needs; (2) patients' age, sex, social class, education, and prognosis; and (3) situational characteristics such as the length of acquaintance, numbers of patients seen per day, and the types of patients in the doctors' practices. Multiple regression analysis assessed the relative importance of these variables in explaining the variation in information transmittal. The findings did not clearly confirm a relationship among information withholding, uncertainty, and power but did clarify the importance of class-based sociolinguistic barriers to communication.