Crime prevention through housing design: policy and practice
Crime prevention through housing design: policy and practice
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通过住房设计预防犯罪：政策与实践
DOI：
10.1080/10439463.2014.944022
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Samuel F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Samuel F
根据其作者雷切尔·阿米蒂奇的说法，通过住房设计预防犯罪并不是一个“性感”的主题，“设计预防犯罪”是“减少犯罪的最常识性方法”之一。然而，这本书一点也不枯燥，尤其是因为它充满了人类的兴趣。当你读这本书时，你会情不自禁地在脑海中评估自己的家。转角房屋肯定是最脆弱的，维护不当的高层公寓和隐藏在街道之外的房产也是如此。不过，没有简单的答案，阿米蒂奇对研究结果的差异以及围绕她的工作的局限性和不确定性非常诚实。我是从建筑学的角度而不是犯罪学的角度写这篇评论，并且我不像其他人那样有能力评论这本书的更多社会科学方面。然而，我能够将其置于建筑、景观设计和城市设计的背景下，以了解为什么通过住房设计预防犯罪被这些专业人士如此忽视。因此，提供一小部分背景来质疑“设计”一词的含义非常重要，阿米蒂奇认为“设计”一词是给定的，但在我的职业中却备受争议。现在人们普遍认识到，建筑在创造良好的居住环境方面可以发挥微小但重要的作用，并且从长远来看它具有良好的性价比。研究相当明确地表明，当居民被允许在塑造他们的环境中发挥作用时，心理健康会得到极大改善，并且有大量轶事信息表明，在最恶劣的环境中，社区建设的项目却被破坏者完好无损。这是我领导的一个由艺术与人文研究委员会 (AHRC) 资助的研究项目的主题，即住宅和社区建筑的文化价值。基于 Halpern（1995）关于心理健康和建筑环境的工作，我们相信建筑更多的是过程而不是产品，并将“建筑的行动”定义为：
Preventing crime through housing design is not a ‘sexy’subject according to its author Rachel Armitage,‘designing out crime’being one of ‘the most common sense approaches to crime reduction’. This book is however anything but dull, not least because it is full of human interest. You just can’t help assessing your own home in your mind’s eye as you read the book. Corner houses are definitely most vulnerable, as are high rise flats that are not properly maintained and properties that are set back hidden from the street. There are no easy answers though and Armitage is refreshingly honest about the discrepancies in research findings and the limitations and uncertainties that surround her work.I am writing this review from the point of view of architecture, not criminology, and am not so well equipped as others to comment on the more social science aspects of the book. I am however able to contextualise it within architecture, landscape architecture and urban design to give some idea of why crime prevention through housing design has been so neglected by these professions. It is important therefore to give a small piece of context to interrogate the meaning of the word ‘design’, which is taken as a given by Armitage but which in my profession is highly contested. It is now generally recognised that architecture can play a small but significant role in creating good places to live and that it is good value for money when seen in the long term. Research shows fairly unequivocally that mental health is greatly improved when residents are allowed a role in shaping their environment and there is plenty of anecdotal information of projects built with the community being left intact by vandals in the most hostile of environments. This is the subject of a research project I am leading funded by the Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC), the Cultural Value of Architecture in Homes and Neighbourhoods. Building on Halpern’s (1995) work on mental health and the built environment we believe architecture to be more process than product and define the ‘Actions of Architecture’as:
心理健康与建筑环境：不仅仅是砖头和灰浆
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Teresa Min
通讯作者：
Teresa Min