The historical ecology of aquatic insects: An overview
The historical ecology of aquatic insects: An overview
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DOI：
10.1016/0031-0182(88)90068-5
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Wootton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Wootton
综述了淡水昆虫的化石记录。每个相关目中最早的水生习性的确凿证据被绘制成图表，连同一些重要组成分类群在时间上的首次出现。本文简要地讨论了最近提出的关于昆虫是原始水生和无呼吸的观点。观察到的淡水昆虫在时间上的分布既不能证实也不能否定这一观点。讨论了淡水中昆虫生活方式的逐渐出现并绘制了图表。流变形式存在于下二叠纪，但在中三叠纪之前，昆虫可能没有在生物系统中发挥太大作用。许多早期的昆虫是掠食性的；但是底栖水生生物刮削器、细碎屑过滤器和沉积物取食器很可能在早期阶段就存在于流水中。远洋掠食者和掠食者似乎是中生代发展起来的；白垩纪的毛翅目昆虫可能是第一批重要的植物碎片粉碎者。水生双翅目的辐射，从侏罗纪开始，是非常重要的，它彻底改变了许多生态系统的结构，并导致了几个新的适应区的殖民化。
The fossil record of freshwater insects is reviewed. The earliest firm evidence for an aquatic habit in each relevant order is charted, together with the first appearance in time of some important component taxa.The recently expressed view that insects were primitively aquatic and apneustic is briefly discussed. It is neither confirmed nor disproved by the observed distribution of freshwater insects in time.The progressive emergence of insect life-styles in fresh water is discussed and charted. Rheobiontic forms were present in the Lower Permian, but insects may not have played much part in lentic systems before the mid-Triassic. Many early insects were predatory; but benthic periphyton scrapers and fine detritus filterers and deposit feeders may well have been present in running water at an early stage. Pelagic predators and scrapers seem to have been a Mesozoic development; and it may be that cased Trichoptera in the Cretaceous were the first significant insect shredders of coarse plant debris.The radiation of aquatic Diptera, from the Jurassic onwards, was immensely important, revolutionising the structure of many ecosystems and resulting in the colonisation of several new adaptive zones.