Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers in Biliary Tract Cancers.
Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers in Biliary Tract Cancers.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms17050791
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发表时间：
2016-05-23
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Roa JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Letelier P;Riquelme I;Hernández AH;Guzmán N;Farías JG;Roa JC
胆道癌是一组侵袭性强、预后差的恶性肿瘤。目前的诊断主要基于影像学和术中探查，因为刷检细胞学具有低灵敏度，并且标准标志物如癌胚抗原（CEA）和碳水化合物19-9（CA 19 -9）没有足够的灵敏度和特异性用于鉴别诊断和早期检测。因此，需要能够区分正常组织和病理组织的更好的非侵入性方法。microRNA（miRNAs）是约20-22个核苷酸的小的单链非编码RNA分子，其调节相关的生理机制，并且也可以参与致癌作用。最近的研究表明，miRNA在多种体液中可检测到，显示出很大的稳定性，无论是游离的还是被捕获在循环微泡中，如外来体。miRNA是理想的生物标志物，可用于胆道癌的筛查和预后，还有助于癌症治疗不同阶段的临床决策。本文综述了血清、血浆和胆汁中循环miRNA作为BTCs潜在诊断和预后标志物的研究进展。
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a group of highly aggressive malignant tumors with a poor prognosis. The current diagnosis is based mainly on imaging and intraoperative exploration due to brush cytology havinga low sensitivity and the standard markers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate 19-9 (CA19-9), not having enough sensitivity nor specificity to be used in a differential diagnosis and early stage detection. Thus, better non-invasive methods that can distinguish between normal and pathological tissue are needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules of ~20–22 nucleotides that regulate relevant physiological mechanisms and can also be involved in carcinogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are detectable in multiple body fluids, showing great stability, either free or trapped in circulating microvesicles, such as exosomes. miRNAs are ideal biomarkers that may be used in screening and prognosis in biliary tract cancers, aiding also in the clinical decisions at different stages of cancer treatment. This review highlights the progress in the analysis of circulating miRNAs in serum, plasma and bile as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers of BTCs.