Memory for multiple visual ensembles in infancy.
Memory for multiple visual ensembles in infancy.
复制标题
婴儿期对多种视觉整体的记忆。
DOI：
10.1037/a0022925
复制
发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Feigenson,Lisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zosh,JenniferM;Halberda,Justin;Feigenson,Lisa
工作记忆中能够保存的单个项目的数量是有限的。这个问题的一个解决方案是存储包含大量项目的摘要信息（例如，一组许多项目的近似数量或累积面积）的集合表示。在这里，我们探讨了合奏表征的发展起源，询问婴儿是否代表合奏，如果是的话，有多少在同一时间。我们让9个月大的婴儿习惯于包含2个、3个或4个空间混合的彩色点子集的阵列，然后询问他们是否检测到其中一个子集或所有点的超集的数值变化。实验系列1表明，当数组包含2个子集而不是3个或4个子集时，婴儿检测到1个子集的数值变化。实验系列2表明，婴儿检测到所有点的超集的变化，无论有多少子集。实验3表明，婴儿代表了这些合奏的近似数量和累积表面积。我们的研究结果表明，婴儿，像成年人（Halberda，Sires，& Feigenson，2006），可以存储有关2个子集加上超集的定量信息：总共3个集合。这与婴儿和成人能够储存的单个物体数量的已知限制相一致，并表明在整个发育过程中，整体的功能与工作记忆中的单个物体非常相似。
The number of individual items that can be maintained in working memory is limited. One solution to this problem is to store representations of ensembles that contain summary information about large numbers of items (eg, the approximate number or cumulative area of a group of many items). Here we explored the developmental origins of ensemble representations by asking whether infants represent ensembles and, if so, how many at one time. We habituated 9-month-old infants to arrays containing 2, 3, or 4 spatially intermixed colored subsets of dots, then asked whether they detected a numerical change to one of the subsets or to the superset of all dots. Experiment Series 1 showed that infants detected a numerical change to 1 of the subsets when the array contained 2 subsets but not 3 or 4 subsets. Experiment Series 2 showed that infants detected a change to the superset of all dots no matter how many subsets were presented. Experiment 3 showed that infants represented both the approximate number and the cumulative surface area of these ensembles. Our results suggest that infants, like adults (Halberda, Sires, & Feigenson, 2006), can store quantitative information about 2 subsets plus the superset: a total of 3 ensembles. This converges with the known limit on the number of individual objects infants and adults can store and suggests that, throughout development, an ensemble functions much like an individual object for working memory.