Do canvassing and campaigning work? Evidence from the 2001 general election in England
Do canvassing and campaigning work? Evidence from the 2001 general election in England
复制标题
拉票和竞选活动有效吗？
DOI：
10.1080/13689880308413097
复制
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Pattie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Johnston;C. Pattie
从 20 世纪 60 年代起，英国的竞选活动越来越受到大众媒体的主导，尤其是电视。政党向选民推销他们的政策，并通过该媒介介绍他们的主要候选人（特别是总理候选人），同时使用政党选举广播提供的正式机制（Pattie 和 Johnston，2002）以及举办问答环节和其他报道的机会，特别是在新闻节目中。随着这种竞选形式的发展，竞选活动也越来越“国家化”，各个选区的各党候选人都乘着全国竞选的顺风车，他们的前景逐渐与整个政党的命运更加紧密地联系在一起。他们竞选活动的性质也发生了变化：随着电视观众的增长和其他休闲活动变得更加流行，政治会议的观众减少，地方竞选活动主要成为旨在投票的活动，以确保政党的已知（或相信的）支持者要么申请并使用邮寄投票，要么在选举日实际前往他们指定的投票站，而不是说服选民投票给一个政党而不是另一个政党。
From the 1960s on, British election campaigns became increasingly dominated by the mass media, notably television. Parties sold their policies to the electorate, and presented their major candidates (especially those for Prime Minister) through that medium, using both the formal mechanisms provided the party election broadcasts (Pattie and Johnston, 2002) and staged question-and-answer sessions and opportunities for other coverage, notably in news programmes. As this form of campaigning grew, so increasingly campaigns became 'nationalized', with each party's candidates in the individual constituencies riding on the coattails of the national campaign their prospects were progressively more tied to the fate of their party as a whole. The nature of their campaigning also changed: as TV audiences grew and other leisure activities became more popular, audiences for political meetings dwindled, and local campaigns became predominantly activities designed to turn out the vote to ensure that a party's known (or believed) supporters either applied for and used a postal vote or actually went to their designated polling station on election day and less about convincing the electorate to vote for one party rather than another.