Children prenatally exposed to substances: Gender-related differences in outcome from infancy to 3 years of age
Children prenatally exposed to substances: Gender-related differences in outcome from infancy to 3 years of age
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DOI：
10.1002/imhj.1005
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Slinning, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moe, V;Slinning, K
对 78 名在子宫内接触过多种物质的儿童和对照组的 58 名没有已知风险状况的儿童进行了从婴儿期到 3 岁的随访。暴露组中有 66 名儿童（84.6%）被拘留，并被安置在寄养家庭或被收养。养父母是专门招募来为处于危险中的婴儿提供护理的。物质暴露组的出生体重、胎龄和头围显着低于对照组。围产期数据显示没有性别差异。这些儿童在 1、2 和 3 岁时接受了贝利 II 婴儿发育量表的评估。结果通过 Bayley-II MDI 上的性别交互产生了一个显着的组。出生前接触过多种药物、酒精和烟草的男孩（而非女孩）在 1、2 和 3 岁时的 MDI 分数显着低于相应年龄的对照组。当控制早产和照顾者社会经济地位的影响时，性别差异仍然具有统计学意义。这表明产前接触过物质的男孩特别容易受到伤害，这可能是由于累积风险的缘故。然而，这组暴露的儿童在生命的前三年确实表现出了发育追赶。我们认为，优化的看护环境具有缓冲作用，并且可能弥补了这组儿童最初的发育滞后。
A group of 78 children with polysubstance exposure in utero and a comparison group of 58 children with no known risk status were followed from infancy to age 3 years. Sixty-six children (84.6%) in the exposed group were taken into custody, and were either placed in foster homes or adopted. The foster parents were specially recruited to provide care to infants at risk. The substance-exposed group exhibited significantly lower birthweight, gestational age, and head circumference than the comparison group. The perinatal data demonstrated no gender differences. The children were assessed on the Bayley-II Scales of Infant Development at 1, 2, and 3 years of age. The results yielded a significant group by gender interaction on the Bayley-II MDI. The boys, but not the girls who had been prenatally exposed g en to polydrugs, alcohol, and tobacco earned significantly lower MDI scores at 1, 2, and 3 years of age than the comparison group at the corresponding ages. The gender differences were still statistically significant when controlling for the effects of prematurity and the caregivers' socioeconomic status. This suggests a special vulnerability in prenatally substance-exposed boys, perhaps because of cumulative risk. However, this group of exposed children did show a developmental catch-up across the first 3 years of life. We suggest that the optimized caregiving environment had a buffering effect, and may have compensated for initial developmental lags in this group of children.