Comparative Advantage and Skill-Specific Unemployment
Comparative Advantage and Skill-Specific Unemployment
复制标题
比较优势和特定技能失业
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. Lechthaler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mario Larch;W. Lechthaler
摘要在一个具有两个部门和异质企业的贸易模型中，我们引入了失业和工人进入不同技能阶层的内生选择。这使我们能够确定贸易自由化可以影响失业的三个不同渠道：专业化、生产率的变化和流动性。这三种渠道可能在相反的方向上起作用，它们的相对重要性取决于贸易类型（产业内贸易与产业间贸易）和工人的技能等级。我们表明，贸易收益的分配非常不平等。当一个技术工人丰富的国家向一个非技术工人丰富的国家开放贸易时，最大的输家是技术丰富国家进口部门的技术工人。然而，熟练工人的平均失业率下降，而非熟练工人的平均失业率上升。
Abstract We introduce unemployment and endogenous selection of workers into different skill-classes in a trade model with two sectors and heterogeneous firms. This allows us to identify three different channels through which trade liberalization can affect unemployment: specialization, changes in productivity, and mobility. These three channels may work in opposite directions and their relative importance depends on the type of trade (intra-industry trade vs. inter-industry trade) and the skill-class of a worker. We show that the gains from trade are distributed very unequally. When a skilled worker abundant country opens up to trade with a country that is unskilled worker abundant, the biggest losers are the skilled workers in the import sector in the skill abundant country. However, average unemployment among skilled workers goes down, while average unemployment among unskilled workers goes up.