Individual and contextual risks of death among race and ethnic groups in the United States
Individual and contextual risks of death among race and ethnic groups in the United States
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DOI：
10.2307/3090209
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发表时间：
2002-09-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Rogers, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huie, SAB;Hummer, RA;Rogers, RG
社会科学研究的一个新兴领域集中在美国黑人-白人成人死亡率差异的个人层面和背景层面的决定因素。然而，没有成年人死亡率差异的研究区分了多个西班牙裔亚组，并探讨了出生在个人和背景水平的小地理区域的作用。使用1986-1997年国家健康访谈调查-国家死亡指数链接文件，我们研究了个体和背景因素对黑人-白人和多个西班牙裔亚组（墨西哥裔美国人，波多黎各人和“其他”西班牙裔）成人死亡率差异的影响。此外，我们使用Ness;创新的地理区域-非常小的区域-作为我们的上下文分析单元。我们发现，所有种族-民族群体的超额死亡风险不仅与个人特征有关，而且与邻里特征有关。此外，在一个社区出生的外国人的百分比是保护波多黎各人，墨西哥裔美国人和45-64岁年龄组的“其他”西班牙裔成年人的西班牙裔亚组死亡率。这些研究结果表明，未来的研究需要更彻底地研究邻里因素影响多个西班牙裔亚组死亡率的途径，以及出生作为老年人西班牙裔死亡率的保护因素的作用。
An emerging area of social science research focuses on individual-level and contextual-level determinants of black-white adult mortality differentials in the United States. However, no research on adult mortality differentials has distinguished multiple Hispanic subgroups and explored the role of nativity at both the individual and contextual levels for small geographic areas. Using the 1986-1997 National Health Interview Survey-National Death Index linked file, we examine the effects of individual and contextual factors on black-white and multiple Hispanic subgroup (Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans, and "other" Hispanic) differentials in adult mortally. In addition, we use a Ness; innovative geographic area-the very small area-as our contextual unit of analysis. We find that excess mortality risks for all race-ethnic groups considered are associated with not only individual characteristics, but also neighborhood characteristics. In addition, percent foreign born in a neighborhood is protective of Hispanic subgroup mortality for Puerto Rican, Mexican American, and "other" Hispanic adults in the 45-64 age category. These findings indicate a need for future research to examine more thoroughly the pathways through which neighborhood factors affect multiple Hispanic subgroup mortality and the role of nativity as a protective factor for older adult Hispanic mortality.