Just When We Thought Nothing Could Be Worse Than Smoking Tobacco, Vaping e-Hookah Proves Us Wrong.
Just When We Thought Nothing Could Be Worse Than Smoking Tobacco, Vaping e-Hookah Proves Us Wrong.
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就在我们认为没有什么比吸烟更糟糕的时候，电子水烟却证明我们错了。
DOI：
10.1016/j.chest.2021.08.042
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
CrottyAlexander,LauraE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Masso-Silva,JorgeA;CrottyAlexander,LauraE
通过水烟（水烟管）吸烟起源于大约400年前的印度和古波斯，而纸包装烟草（香烟）的吸烟起源于200-300年前的西班牙。燃烧吸烟的影响已被广泛研究，绝大多数数据来自烟草卷烟研究。吸烟对人类健康的许多方面产生不利影响，但对心血管疾病的影响尤其深远1，2。在2000年的早期，电子烟作为替代尼古丁输送装置出现。传统烟草产品通过燃烧烟叶产生烟雾，而电子烟通过加热和雾化含有尼古丁、丙二醇、甘油和香料化学品的（电子）液体产生气溶胶（通常称为蒸汽）。自2007年电子烟进入国际市场以来，它们已经发展到包括水烟在内的其他非卷烟燃烧吸烟的模拟物1。水烟，也被称为水烟，是一种水管，其中调味烟草被木炭加热并燃烧以产生烟雾，烟雾在吸入之前通过水起泡（图1A）。水烟最初被认为比传统的吸烟更安全，因为在吸入之前烟雾通过水，这被认为是解毒的烟雾。然而，虽然水冷却了烟雾，但它并不能去除毒素。事实上，冷却烟雾可以让吸烟者吸入更大量的烟雾深入肺部。令人震惊的是，根据水烟烟雾的化学成分、抽吸频率、吸入深度和持续时间，一次水烟相当于吸49-56支香烟（2.5-3包）。
Smoking of tobacco via hookah (waterpipe) originated around 400 years ago in India and ancient Persia, while smoking of paper wrapped tobacco (cigarettes) originated 200-300 years ago in Spain. Effects of combustion-based smoking have been widely studied, with the vast majority of data arising from tobacco cigarette studies. Smoking adversely affects many aspects of human health, but the impact on cardiovascular disease is particularly profound1, 2. Early in the 2000’s electronic (e)-cigarettes emerged as alternative nicotine delivery devices. While conventional tobacco products generate smoke via combustion of tobacco leaves, e-cigarettes generate aerosols (commonly called vapor) from heating and aerosolizing (e-) liquids containing nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin, and flavoring chemicals.Since e-cigarettes entered the international market in 2007, they have evolved to include mimics of other, non-cigarette-based combustion smoking1, including hookah. Hookah, also known as shisha, are water pipes where flavored tobacco is charcoal-heated and burned to create smoke, which is bubbled through water prior to inhalation (Figure 1A). Hookah were originally thought to be safer than conventional tobacco smoking due to the passage of smoke through water prior to inhalation, which was believed to detoxify the smoke. However, while the water cools the smoke, it does not remove toxins. In fact, cooling the smoke allows the smoker to inhale larger quantities of smoke deeper into the lungs. Shockingly, based on the chemical content of hookah smoke, frequency of puffing, depth of inhalation, and session duration, one hookah session can be equivalent to smoking 49-56 cigarettes (2.5-3 packs) 3, 4.