Towards an Understanding of Control of Complex Rhythmical “Wavelike” Coordination in Humans
Towards an Understanding of Control of Complex Rhythmical “Wavelike” Coordination in Humans
复制标题
理解人类复杂节奏“波状”协调的控制
DOI：
10.3390/brainsci10040215
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发表时间：
2020-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
R. Sanders;D. Levitin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Sanders;D. Levitin
人类的神经生理系统是如何自我组织以实现关节和四肢之间的最佳相位关系的，例如在蝶泳和自由泳、击鼓或舞蹈的复合节奏中？我们系统地回顾了有关中枢神经系统（CNS）在连续节律活动中对关节/肢体的相位控制的文献。使用关键词“Phase and Rhythm and Coordination”对SCOPUS和Web of Science进行检索。这产生了1039个匹配，根据筛选标准从中提取了23篇论文纳入。对人类、其他物种和机器人的体内、有效、体外和神经控制建模的经验证据表明，通过脊髓中枢模式发生器（CPGs）支配肌肉的协同作用，可以促进和简化运动控制。这些典型的行为就像振荡器一样，在运动周期中实现稳定的重复。该方法为指导人体游泳等肢体独立活动的实证研究设计提供了基础。例如，未来的研究可以探索解释猫运动的Saltiel双层CPG模型是否也可以解释人类游泳中周期性运动之间的复杂关系。
How does the human neurophysiological system self-organize to achieve optimal phase relationships among joints and limbs, such as in the composite rhythms of butterfly and front crawl swimming, drumming, or dancing? We conducted a systematic review of literature relating to central nervous system (CNS) control of phase among joint/limbs in continuous rhythmic activities. SCOPUS and Web of Science were searched using keywords “Phase AND Rhythm AND Coordination”. This yielded 1039 matches from which 23 papers were extracted for inclusion based on screening criteria. The empirical evidence arising from in-vivo, fictive, in-vitro, and modelling of neural control in humans, other species, and robots indicates that the control of movement is facilitated and simplified by innervating muscle synergies by way of spinal central pattern generators (CPGs). These typically behave like oscillators enabling stable repetition across cycles of movements. This approach provides a foundation to guide the design of empirical research in human swimming and other limb independent activities. For example, future research could be conducted to explore whether the Saltiel two-layer CPG model to explain locomotion in cats might also explain the complex relationships among the cyclical motions in human swimming.