THE SENSORY AND SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION OF GUINEA-PIG LUNG AND TRACHEA AS STUDIED BY RETROGRADE NEURONAL TRACING AND DOUBLE-LABELING IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
THE SENSORY AND SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION OF GUINEA-PIG LUNG AND TRACHEA AS STUDIED BY RETROGRADE NEURONAL TRACING AND DOUBLE-LABELING IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY
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DOI：
10.1016/0306-4522(92)90239-x
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发表时间：
1992-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
HEYM, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KUMMER, W;FISCHER, A;HEYM, C
采用荧光染料逆行示踪法和免疫荧光双标记法研究了豚鼠气管和肺的交感和感觉神经支配。供肺的交感神经元位于星状神经节和胸交感链神经节T2-T4；供应气管的位于颈上神经节和星状神经节。逆行标记的交感神经元通常对酪氨酸羟化酶有免疫反应；大多数还含有神经肽Y免疫反应性。然而，少数非儿茶酚胺能（即酪氨酸羟化酶阴性），但神经肽Y免疫反应。在气道内，在平滑肌层、血管周围（包括肺动脉和静脉）发现酪氨酸羟化酶/神经肽y免疫反应轴突，在固有层发现较少。动脉周围轴突含有额外的运动啡免疫反应性。供肺的感觉神经元分布于颈、节型迷走神经节和上胸背根神经节；供应气管的细胞最常见于双侧结节神经节，较少见于颈神经节。气管感觉纤维的脊髓起源不能一致地证明。关于它们对多肽的免疫反应性，可以区分三种类型的向气道投射的感觉神经元：(i) P物质/肌啡肽免疫反应；（ii） P物质免疫反应，但dynorphin阴性；（iii）所有肽测试均为阴性。支配气道的p物质免疫反应性神经元总是对神经激肽A和降钙素生成肽具有免疫反应性。位于结节神经节的逆行标记神经元几乎完全属于肽阴性组（大于或等于99%），而这三种神经元类型各占颈根神经节和背根神经节逆行标记神经元的三分之一左右。在气道内，对P物质/神经激肽A和P物质/降钙素基因相关肽具有免疫反应的轴突分布在气管和大支气管的呼吸上皮内、气管至最小细支（支气管水平密度最高）的固有层和平滑肌内、肺泡壁内、全身血管和肺血管周围以及气道神经节内。这些轴突也含有动力啡免疫反应性，仅限于固有层和平滑肌。对血管活性肠多肽有免疫反应的神经纤维的来源，其中一部分也有神经肽Y免疫反应，无法通过逆行示踪实验确定。终止于气道神经节内的血管活性肠多肽免疫反应纤维可能是神经节前副交感神经的起源，而其他纤维（例如，在平滑肌中发现的纤维）可能来自。结果提供了豚鼠下气道外源性神经支配的详细地形和神经化学图，并揭示了异常程度的复杂性。(i)每个功能系统（交感、感觉、内在）由至少两种神经化学上不同类型的神经元代表；（ii）每个肽至少以两种不同的组合形式出现；（iii）一些肽存在于两个功能不同的系统中。
The sympathetic and sensory innervation of guinea-pig trachea and lung were studied by means of retrograde neuronal tracing using fluorescent dyes, and double-labelling immunofluorescence. Sympathetic neurons supplying the lung were located in stellate ganglia and in thoracic sympathetic chain ganglia T2-T4; those supplying the trachea resided in the superior cervical and stellate ganglia. Retrogradely labelled sympathetic neurons were usually immunoreactive to tyrosine hydroxylase; the majority also contained neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity. However, a small number were non-catecholaminergic (i.e. tyrosine hydroxylase negative), but neuropeptide Y immunoreactive. Within the airways, tyrosine hydroxylase/neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive axons were found in the smooth muscle layer, around blood vessels including the pulmonary artery and vein, and to a lesser extent in the lamina propria. Periarterial axons contained in addition dynorphin immunoreactivity. Sensory neurons supplying the lung were located in jugular and nodose vagal ganglia as well as in upper thoracic dorsal root ganglia; those supplying the trachea were most frequently found bilaterally in the nodose ganglia and less frequently in the jugular ganglia. A spinal origin of tracheal sensory fibres could not be consistently demonstrated. With regard to their immunoreactivity to peptides, three types of sensory neurons projecting to the airways could be distinguished: (i) substance P/dynorphin immunoreactive; (ii) substance P immunoreactive but dynorphin negative; and (iii) negative to all peptides tested. Substance P-immunoreactive neurons innervating the airways invariably contained immunoreactivity to neurokinin A and calcitonin generelated peptide. Retrogradely labelled neurons located in the nodose ganglia belonged almost exclusively (greater-than-or-equal-to 99%) to the peptide-negative group, whereas the three neuron types each represented about one-third of retrogradely labelled neurons in jugular and dorsal root ganglia. Within the airways, axons immunoreactive to substance P/neurokinin A and substance P/calcitonin gene-related peptide were distributed within the respiratory epithelium of trachea and large bronchi, in the lamina propria and smooth muscle from the trachea down to the smallest bronchioli (highest density at the bronchial level), in the alveolar walls, around systemic and pulmonary blood vessels, and within airway ganglia. Those axons also containing dynorphin immunoreactivity were restricted to the lamina propria and smooth muscle. The origin of nerve fibres immunoreactive for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, of which a part were also neuropeptide Y immunoreactive, could not be determined by retrograde tracing experiments. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive fibres terminating within airway ganglia may be of preganglionic parasympathetic origin, whereas others (e.g. those found in smooth muscle) may arise from The results provide a detailed topographical and neurochemical map of the extrinsic innervation of lower airways in the guinea-pig, and reveal an extraordinary degree of complexity: (i) each functional system (sympathetic, sensory, intrinsic) is represented by at least two neurochemically distinct types of neurons; (ii) each peptide occurs in at least two distinct combinations with others; and (iii) some peptides occur in two functionally distinct systems.