Parent-child role-confusion: A critical review of an emerging concept
Parent-child role-confusion: A critical review of an emerging concept
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dr.2015.01.002
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Lyons-Ruth, Karlen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macfie, Jenny;Brumariu, Laura E.;Lyons-Ruth, Karlen
我们认为，父母和孩子之间的角色混淆或角色转换是儿童发展的一个主要风险因素，但这在很大程度上被忽视了。在父母的生殖需求和孩子对养育的需求之间的进化紧张的背景下，父母的历史和当前的压力源可能会影响在养育一个特定孩子方面的投资能力。当成人关系不能为父母提供足够的情感和工具支持时，他或她可能会指望孩子提供这种支持。越来越多的临床、家庭系统和发展学科的实证文献指出，孩子有可能在父母的关系中扮演父母、配偶或同伴的角色，这样传统的父母和孩子的角色就会变得混乱或逆转，代际界限也会变得模糊。从发展精神病理学的角度来看，这种亲子角色关系的变化可能会对孩子的社会情感发展产生不利影响，如果对孩子的要求超过了他们的能力，从而增加了精神病理学的风险。相反，承担在儿童发展能力范围内的家庭责任可能会提高自我效能和能力。本文批判性地回顾了越来越多的文献，提出了角色混淆的前兆和后遗症的模型，检查了复原力，并指出了未来研究和预防性干预的方向。(C) 2015爱思唯尔公司版权所有。
We propose that role-confusion or role reversal between parent and child is a major risk factor for a child's development, yet one that has gone largely unnoticed. In the context of an evolutionary tension between parental reproductive needs and child needs for nurturing, parental history and current stressors may affect the ability to invest in parenting a particular child. When adult relationships do not provide adequate emotional and instrumental support to the parent, he or she may look to a child to provide that support. A growing empirical literature across clinical, family systems and developmental disciplines has pointed to the potential for the child to take on the role of parent, spouse, or peer in relation to the parent, such that traditional parent child roles become confused or reversed and generational boundaries blurred. From a developmental psychopathology perspective, this change in parent child role relations may adversely affect the child's socio-emotional development if demands placed on the child exceed the capacity to comply, thus increasing the risk for psychopathology. Conversely, shouldering family responsibilities that are within the developmental capacities of the child may lead to increased self-efficacy and competence. This paper critically reviews the growing literature, proposes a model for precursors to, and sequelae of, role-confusion, examines resilience, and points to directions for future research and preventive interventions. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.