Impact of Brand or Generic Labeling on Medication Effectiveness and Side Effects
Impact of Brand or Generic Labeling on Medication Effectiveness and Side Effects
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DOI：
10.1037/hea0000282
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Petrie, Keith J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Faasse, Kate;Martin, Leslie R.;Petrie, Keith J.
目的：品牌药物与已知的制药公司名称或产品名称赋予药物的真实性和有效性的额外保证相比，仿制制剂。本研究考察了品牌名称和通用标签对药物有效性和副作用的影响。方法：选取87名经常头痛的大学生为研究对象。采用受试者内部平衡设计，每位参与者服用标有品牌“诺洛芬”或“普通布洛芬”的药片来治疗4种头痛。实际上，一半的药片是安慰剂，一半是活性布洛芬（400毫克）。参与者在服药前和服药1小时后分别用语言描述和视觉模拟量表记录了他们的头痛情况。药物副作用也有报道。结果：使用品牌标签片剂后疼痛的减轻与活性布洛芬或安慰剂相似。然而，如果药片有通用标签，安慰剂药片的效果明显低于活性布洛芬。与带有通用标签的安慰剂片相比，带有品牌标签的安慰剂片的副作用更少。结论：贴有品牌的片剂似乎在缺乏有效成分的情况下具有治疗效果，而贴有普通标签的片剂如果不含有效成分，效果就会大大降低。品牌也与减少安慰剂药片的副作用有关。未来改善对仿制药认知的干预措施可能对改善仿制药的治疗效果有帮助。
Objective: Branding medication with a known pharmaceutical company name or product name bestows on the drug an added assurance of authenticity and effectiveness compared to a generic preparation. This study examined the impact of brand name and generic labeling on medication effectiveness and side effects. Method: 87 undergraduate students with frequent headaches took part in the study. Using a within-subjects counterbalanced design, each participant took tablets labeled either as brand name "Nurofen" or "Generic Ibuprofen" to treat each of 4 headaches. In reality, half of the tablets were placebos, and half were active ibuprofen (400 mg). Participants recorded their headache pain on a verbal descriptor and visual analogue scale prior to taking the tablets, and again 1 hour afterward. Medication side effects were also reported. Results: Pain reduction following the use of brand name labeled tablets was similar in active ibuprofen or a placebo. However, if the tablets had a generic label, placebo tablets were significantly less effective compared to active ibuprofen. Fewer side effects were attributed to placebo tablets with brand name labeling compared to the same placebo tablets with a generic label. Conclusions: Branding of a tablet appears to have conferred a treatment benefit in the absence of an active ingredient, while generic labeled tablets were substantially less effective if they contained no active ingredient. Branding is also associated with reduced attribution of side effects to placebo tablets. Future interventions to improve perceptions of generics may have utility in improving treatment outcomes from generic drugs.