Haustorial Hairs Are Specialized Root Hairs That Support Parasitism in the Facultative Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum
Haustorial Hairs Are Specialized Root Hairs That Support Parasitism in the Facultative Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum
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吸器毛是支持兼性寄生植物日本竹子寄生的特殊根毛
DOI：
10.1104/pp.16.00223
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
and Ken Shirasu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Songkui Cui;Takanori Wakatake;Kei Hashimoto;Simon B. Saucet;Kiminori Toyooka;Satoko Yoshida;and Ken Shirasu
最新版本的拟南芥基因组注释包括26,207个蛋白质编码基因和3,786个假基因。拟南芥信息资源（TAIR）项目的一个中心目标，如Berardini et al.（第100页）745-755），是整合来自各种数据源的信息，并提出了一个全面的观点，每个拟南芥基因的研究社区。功能注释是收集和描述基因的生物学特性的过程，包括基因的各种别名、分子功能、生物学作用、亚细胞位置及其在植物中的表达结构域。受控词汇越来越多地被数据库用于描述基因和基因产物，因为它们有助于识别生物体内或不同生物体之间的相似基因。TAIR的具体目标之一是将所有拟南芥基因与基因本体论（GO）联盟开发的术语相关联。GO词汇表作为用于函数注释的标准术语集得到了广泛的认可。这些术语被组织成三个类别，分别代表分子功能、生物过程和亚细胞区室。分子功能术语描述了基因产物的生化活性（如激酶活性）。生物过程术语描述了一种以上分子功能的有序组装（例如花的发育）。细胞成分术语描述细胞的亚细胞区室（如细胞核）。这些术语用于描述基因产物生物学特性的这些独立方面。词汇表由模式生物数据库（MOD）联盟开发和维护。来自MOD的策展人共同努力，以确保术语一致同意，明确定义，并广泛适用于广泛的物种分类范围。使用受控词汇表进行基因组功能注释有几个优点。首先，它允许人们执行强大的种内和跨种基因组查询。其次，可以通过比较它们的注释的分布来定量地评估任何两组基因或基因组的相似性和/或相异性。第三，可以使用任何一个物种的注释基因组来外推到另一个基因组。
The most recent version of the Arabidopsis genome annotation includes 26,207 protein-coding genes and 3,786 pseudogenes. A central goal of The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) project, as discussed by Berardini et al.(pp. 745–755), is to integrate information from various data sources and present the research community with a comprehensive view of each Arabidopsis gene. Functional annotation is the process of collecting information about and describing a gene’s biological identity—its various aliases, molecular function, biological role (s), subcellular location, and its expression domains within the plant. Controlledvocabulariesareincreasingly used by databases to describe genes and gene products because they facilitate identification of similar genes within an organism or among different organisms. One of TAIR’s specific goals is to associate all Arabidopsis genes with terms developed by the Gene Ontology (GO) Consortium. The GO vocabularies are gaining widespread acceptance as the standard set of terms to use for functional annotation. The terms are organized into three categories that represent molecular functions, biological processes, and subcellular compartment. Molecular function terms describe the biochemical activity performed by a gene product (eg kinase activity). Biological process terms describe the ordered assembly of more than one molecular function (eg flower development). Cellular component terms describe the subcellular compartments of a cell (eg nucleus). The terms are used to describe these separate aspects of a gene product’s biological identity. The vocabularies are developed and maintained by a consortium of model organism databases (MODs). Curators from the MODs work together to ensure that the terms are uniformly agreed upon, clearly defined, and broadly applicable to a wide taxonomic range of species.There are several advantages to using controlled vocabularies for functional annotation of a genome. First, it allows one to perform powerful intraspecific and cross-specific genome queries. Second, one can quantitatively assess the similarity and/or dissimilarity of any two sets of genes or genomes by comparing the distribution of their annotations. Third, one can use the annotated genome of any one species to extrapolate to another genome.