Subject Areas : Strongly Correlated Materials A Viewpoint on : Topological semimetal and Fermi-arc surface states in the electronic structure of pyrochlore iridates
Subject Areas : Strongly Correlated Materials A Viewpoint on : Topological semimetal and Fermi-arc surface states in the electronic structure of pyrochlore iridates
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发表时间：
2011
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通讯作者：
Xiangang Wan;Ari M. Turner;A. Vishwanath
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作者：
Xiangang Wan;Ari M. Turner;A. Vishwanath
拓扑学是对形式健壮性的数学描述，它出现在整个物理学中，并对许多物理系统提供了强大的约束。人们早就知道，它在理解量子霍尔效应的奇异现象中起着关键作用。最近，人们发现用旧的布洛赫固体理论描述的“普通”带状绝缘体中会产生强健而有趣的块状和表面现象。这种“拓扑绝缘体”是在某些晶体中存在强烈的自旋轨道耦合时发生的，这种绝缘体在体上绝缘，表面上是金属的，具有完整的时间反转对称性。
Topology, the mathematical description of the robustness of form, appears throughout physics, and provides strong constraints on many physical systems. It has long been known that it plays a key role in understanding the exotic phenomena of the quantum Hall effect. Recently, it has been found to generate robust and interesting bulk and surface phenomena in “ordinary” band insulators described by the old Bloch theory of solids. Such “topological insulators,” insulating in the bulk and metallic on the surface, occur in the presence of strong spin-orbit coupling in certain crystals, with unbroken time-reversal symmetry [1].