Trapline foraging by bumble bees: VII. Adjustments for foraging success following competitor removal.
Trapline foraging by bumble bees: VII. Adjustments for foraging success following competitor removal.
复制标题
熊蜂的陷阱觅食：VII。
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/ars200
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kazuharu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ohashi;Kazuharu
从散布在太空中的可再生资源斑块中收集食物的动物通常会建立小型觅食区，并忠实地返回。这样的区域保真度提供觅食优势，通过选择有利可图的补丁，路线最小化，并定期巡回访问这些补丁（“陷阱觅食”）。然而，在田间条件下的资源分布往往会随时间而变化，特别是当竞争对手突然消失，许多斑块可供其邻居使用时。先前的研究表明，大黄蜂的忠实觅食者通过重新调整觅食区域来快速应对此类意外事件，尽管目前尚不清楚他们的觅食性能有多大改善，除了简单的放松竞争压力之外，或者他们如何表现出这种灵活性，同时坚持使用某些觅食区域或路径。在这里，我们进行了室内飞行笼实验与熊蜂，发现蜜蜂，当遇到一个损失的竞争对手，提高其觅食性能比预期的更大程度上从一个简单的放松竞争压力，通过增加其觅食面积的大小。此外，蜜蜂与更好地建立traplines实现更大的觅食领域后，失去竞争对手，这表明蜜蜂不一定需要“采样”相邻的补丁，以监测环境的时间变化。我们讨论了如何定期回报和路线记忆与准确的奖励值可以允许固有的保守陷阱，使灵活的调整，通过有效地监控他们的情况，并迅速重新调整检测到的变化。
Animals collecting food from renewable resource patches scattered in space often establish small foraging areas to which they return faithfully. Such area fidelity offers foraging advantages through selection of profitable patches, route minimization, and regular circuit visits to these patches (“trapline foraging”). Resource distribution under field conditions may often vary in time, however, especially when competitors suddenly vanish and a number of patches become available for their neighbors. Previous studies suggested that site-faithful foragers of bumble bees quickly respond to such unexpected events by readjusting their foraging areas, although it is not clear how much their foraging performance was improved, beyond the simple relaxation of competitive pressure, or how they manifest such flexibility while persistently using certain foraging areas or paths. Here, we conducted indoor flight-cage experiments with bumble bees and found that a bee, when encountering a loss of its competitor, improved its foraging performance to a greater extent than expected from a simple relaxation of competitive pressure by increasing the size of its foraging area. Moreover, bees with better-established traplines achieved greater foraging areas after the loss of competitors, suggesting that bees do not necessarily need to “sample” neighboring patches to monitor temporal changes in environments. We discuss how periodical returns and route memory associated with accurate reward values could allow inherently conservative trapliners to make flexible adjustments, by effectively monitoring their circumstances and quickly readjusting to detected changes.