A review of transgenerational effects of ocean acidification on marine bivalves and their implications for sclerochronology
A review of transgenerational effects of ocean acidification on marine bivalves and their implications for sclerochronology
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecss.2020.106620
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发表时间：
2020-04
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Liqiang Zhao;K. Shirai;Kentaro Tanaka;Stefania Milano;T. Higuchi;Naoko Murakami-Sugihara;E. Walliser;Feng Yang;Yuewen Deng;B. Schöne
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文献类型：
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作者：
Liqiang Zhao;K. Shirai;Kentaro Tanaka;Stefania Milano;T. Higuchi;Naoko Murakami-Sugihara;E. Walliser;Feng Yang;Yuewen Deng;B. Schöne
海洋酸化会对海洋双壳类动物产生负面影响，尤其是它们的壳矿化过程。因此，海洋双壳类动物能否快速适应并最终适应酸化的海洋现在越来越受到人们的广泛关注。预测这一脆弱分类群的命运对于硬化年代学也至关重要——该研究旨在从周期性分层硬组织（双壳类贝壳、珊瑚、鱼耳石等）的各种地球化学特性中推断出过去环境变化的记录和生物体生活史特征。在这篇综述中，我们简要概述了海洋双壳类动物对不同生物组织水平上高pCO2的长期和跨代反应，特别关注其贝壳的地球化学特性（稳定碳和氧同位素、微量元素和微量元素以及微观结构）的反应。无一例外地，在迄今为止研究的所有五种双壳类动物中，在两种非遗传机制（母体供给增加和表观遗传遗传）的保护下，都发现了对预计到 2100 年 pCO2 升高的情景的积极跨代反应，这表明海洋双壳类具有显着的跨代表型可塑性，这使得它们能够在酸化的海洋中做出可塑性反应并快速适应环境。然而，快速的跨代适应，特别是在生理过程方面，阻碍了对代理记录的可靠解释。跨代适应的双壳类动物可以响应 pCO2 升高而主动改变钙化生理机能，这反过来又影响其壳中保存的几乎所有地球化学指标的过程。特别是，稳定碳同位素、代谢调节元素（Na、K、Cu、Zn、Fe 等）和壳微观结构可能存在很大偏差。在这种背景下，我们提出了硬化年代学领域可能面临的一些挑战和机遇。
Ocean acidification can negatively impact marine bivalves, especially their shell mineralization processes. Consequently, whether marine bivalves can rapidly acclimate and eventually adapt in an acidifying ocean is now increasingly receiving considerable attention. Projecting the fate of this vulnerable taxonomic group is also pivotal for the science of sclerochronology – the study which seeks to deduce records of past environmental changes and organismal life-history traits from various geochemical properties of periodically layered hard tissues (bivalve shells, corals, fish otoliths, etc.). In this review, we provide a concise overview of the long-term and transgenerational responses of marine bivalves to elevatedpCO2manifested at different levels of biological organization, with a specific focus on responses of geochemical properties (stable carbon and oxygen isotopes, minor and trace elements and microstructures) of their shells. Without exception, positive transgenerational responses to an elevatedpCO2scenario projected for the year 2100 have been found in all five bivalve species hitherto studied, under the umbrella of two non-genetic mechanisms (increased maternal provisioning and epigenetic inheritance), suggesting that marine bivalves have remarkable transgenerational phenotypic plasticity which allows them to respond plastically and acclimate rapidly in an acidifying ocean. Rapid transgenerational acclimation, especially in terms of physiological processes, however, hinders a reliable interpretation of proxy records. Transgenerationally acclimated bivalves can actively modify the calcification physiology in response to elevatedpCO2, which in turn affects the processes of almost all geochemical proxies preserved in their shells. In particular, stable carbon isotopes, metabolically regulated elements (Na, K, Cu, Zn, Fe, etc.), and shell microstructures can be highly biased. In this context, we propose a number of challenges and opportunities the field of sclerochronology may face.