Infectious disease, endangerment, and extinction.
Infectious disease, endangerment, and extinction.
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DOI：
10.1155/2013/571939
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Greenwood AD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macphee RD;Greenwood AD
传染病，尤其是烈性传染病，通常被视为生物种群波动或数量下降的一个原因。然而，它一般不被认为是导致物种实际濒危或灭绝的主要因素。在此，我们回顾已知的历史案例，在这些案例中，疾病已经或被认为已经对动物物种产生了重大的有害影响，包括导致灭绝，并且重点介绍一些近期的案例，在这些案例中，疾病是导致特定物种完全濒危的首要嫌疑因素。我们得出结论，疾病在种群或物种层面的历史灭绝中所起的作用可能被低估了。近期方法上的突破可能会使我们更好地理解传染病在过去和现在对种群适应性及其他参数的影响。
Infectious disease, especially virulent infectious disease, is commonly regarded as a cause of fluctuation or decline in biological populations. However, it is not generally considered as a primary factor in causing the actual endangerment or extinction of species. We review here the known historical examples in which disease has, or has been assumed to have had, a major deleterious impact on animal species, including extinction, and highlight some recent cases in which disease is the chief suspect in causing the outright endangerment of particular species. We conclude that the role of disease in historical extinctions at the population or species level may have been underestimated. Recent methodological breakthroughs may lead to a better understanding of the past and present roles of infectious disease in influencing population fitness and other parameters.