A magnetically separable SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2 solid acid catalyst for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil
A magnetically separable SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2 solid acid catalyst for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.04.046
复制
发表时间：
2018-10-15
影响因子：
22.1
通讯作者：
Rehan, Mohammad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gardy, Jabbar;Osatiashtiani, Amin;Rehan, Mohammad
以废食用油为原料，制备了一种新型磁性SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2型固体酸催化剂，用于生物柴油的反式酯化反应。纳米复合催化剂是以氧化铝为缓冲层，金红石/锐钛矿混合相纳米二氧化钛(NPs)为缓冲层，赤铁矿赋予磁性，氯磺酸硫化引入Bronsted酸性，依次功能化而成。X射线衍射分析表明，SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2光催化剂由二氧化钛(金红石和锐钛矿相)、硫酸铝和赤铁矿纳米颗粒组成，而电子显微镜显示这些组分在SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2光催化剂中逐层组装。FTIR证实了表面硫酸盐基团SO42-和S2O72-/S3O102-的存在，生成了以Bronsted酸为主的高酸载量催化剂。在催化剂用量为3wt%、醇油摩尔比为10：1、反应温度为90℃、反应时间为2.5h的条件下，WCO的脂肪酸甲酯(FAME)产率可达96%。SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2光催化剂对游离脂肪酸(FFA)含量高达20wt%的原料也具有良好的催化活性，且对WCO(反式)酯化反应10次以上表现出良好的稳定性。
A novel magnetic SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2 solid acid catalyst was synthesized for biodiesel production via the (trans) esterification of waste cooking oil (WCO). The nanocomposite catalyst was prepared by the sequential functionalisation of commercial rutile/anatase mixed phase TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with alumina as a buffer layer, and subsequently hematite to impart magnetic character, prior to sulfation with chlorosulfonic acid to introduce Bronsted acidity. XRD showed that the SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2 catalyst comprised titania (rutile and anatase phases), aluminium sulphate, and hematite nanoparticles, while electron microscopy revealed the layer-by-layer assembly of these components within the SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2 catalyst. FTIR confirmed the presence of surface sulphate groups SO42- and S2O72-/S3O102-, creating a predominantly Bronsted acid catalyst with high acid loading. The catalyst achieved 96% fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield from WCO after 2.5 h of reaction at 90 degrees C, using 3 wt % of the magnetic catalyst, and a methanol:oil molar ratio of 10:1. SO4/Fe-Al-TiO2 was also effective for feedstocks containing up to 20 wt% of free fatty acid (FFA), and showed excellent stability for WCO (trans) esterification over 10 recycles.