Awareness and uptake of colorectal, breast, cervical and prostate cancer screening tests in Spain
Awareness and uptake of colorectal, breast, cervical and prostate cancer screening tests in Spain
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DOI：
10.1093/eurpub/ckt089
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Jimenez-Garcia, Rodrigo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carrasco-Garrido, Pilar;Hernandez-Barrera, Valentin;Jimenez-Garcia, Rodrigo
背景资料：我们的目的是描述结肠直肠癌，乳腺癌，宫颈癌和前列腺癌筛查测试的意识和吸收水平，并分析与社会人口统计学和健康相关变量的关联。研究方法：基于人口的横断面研究，采用基于家庭的个人访谈调查，对全国18岁以下人口的代表性样本（n = 7938）进行（Oncobarometro调查）。通过询问参与者来评估意识：现在我要提到几种癌症检测的医学测试，请告诉我你是否已经知道它们，或者这是你第一次听说它们？所提到的测试包括粪便潜血测试、乳房X光检查、巴氏涂片和前列腺特异性抗原。通过询问参与者在过去2年内是否接受过检查来评估癌症筛查的接受情况。结果如下：对FOBT、钼靶、巴氏涂片和PSA的知晓率分别为38.55%、95.03%、70.84%和54.72%，其中摄取钼靶、巴氏涂片、PSA和FOBT的知晓率分别为74.46%、65.57%、35.19%和9.40%。移民身份、较低的教育水平或收入以及不患有慢性病等因素是接受的负面预测因素。结论：意识和摄取结果显示乳腺X线摄影的数字可接受，巴氏涂片的数字中等，FOBT的数字低得不可接受。在接受癌症筛查方面存在不平等。有必要制定公共卫生教育方案，特别是针对弱势群体的方案，目的是让他们了解情况并鼓励他们定期使用筛查服务。我们的数据表明，虽然不推荐PSA，但这种机会性筛查在西班牙经常使用。
Background: We aim to describe levels of awareness and uptake of colorectal, breast, cervical and prostate cancer screening tests and to analyze the association to socio-demographic and health-related variables. Methods: Population-based cross-sectional study conducted using a home-based personal interview survey on a nationwide representative sample (n = 7938) of population aged epsilon 18 years (Oncobarometro Survey). Awareness was assessed by asking participants: Now I am going to mention several medical tests for cancer detection, please tell me if you already know about them or if this is the first time you have heard of them? The tests mentioned were faecal occult blood test (FOBT), mammography, Pap smear and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Cancer screening uptake was assessed by asking participants whether they had received tests within the previous 2 years. Results: Awareness rates of 38.55% for FOBT, 95.03% for mammography, 70.84% for Pap smears and 54.72% for PSA were found. Uptake mammography was 74.46%, Pap smears 65.57%, PSA 35.19% and FOBT 9.40%. Factors such as immigration status, lower educational level or income and not suffering from chronic conditions are negative predictors for uptake. Conclusions: Awareness and uptake results showed acceptable figures for mammography, moderate for Pap smears and unacceptably low for FOBT. Inequalities exist in uptake of cancer screening. It is necessary to develop public health educational programmes, especially for the vulnerable populations, aiming to inform and motivate them to use screening services on a regular basis. Our data suggest that although PSA is not recommended, this opportunistic screening is frequently used in Spain.